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DOI: https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20250354

水库下游河道泥沙沿程恢复研究综述

  • 渠庚 , 1, 2 ,
  • 何海卫 , 1, 2 ,
  • 郭小虎 1, 2
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  • 1.长江科学院 河流所，武汉430010
  • 2.长江科学院，水利部河道整治与防洪重点实验室，武汉430010
何海卫（2000-），男，湖北孝感人，硕士研究生，主要从事河流动力学方面的研究。E-mail:

渠 庚（1980-），男，江苏徐州人，正高级工程师，博士生导师，主要从事江湖演变与治理研究。E-mail:

收稿日期: 2025-04-18

  修回日期: 2025-08-09

  网络出版日期: 2025-09-19

基金资助

国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金(U2240206)

国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金(U2240224)

湖南省重大水利科技项目(XSKJ2022068-39)

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2023328/HL)

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A Review of Studies on Sediment Recovery along the Lower Reaches of the Reservoir

  • QU Geng , 1, 2 ,
  • HE Hai-wei , 1, 2 ,
  • GUO Xiao-hu 1, 2
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  • 1. River Department，Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute，Wuhan 430010，China
  • 2. Key Laboratory of River Regulation and Flood Control of Ministry of Water Resources，Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute，Wuhan 430010，China

Received date: 2025-04-18

  Revised date: 2025-08-09

  Online published: 2025-09-19

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摘要

水库修建后下泄水流的含沙量大幅减少，泥沙沿程恢复引起下游河道冲刷调整，可能会给下游防洪、水资源利用及水生态环境等方面带来一定的不利影响，同时该研究也是河流泥沙动力学的难点之一。本文从泥沙恢复特征和理论研究等两个方面归纳总结了现有研究成果，得到以下认识：不同水库下游河道泥沙恢复过程存在较大差异性，对下游河道泥沙恢复规律认识也不尽相同，其中粗、细泥沙沿程恢复过程中是否存在相互交换仍缺乏一致认可的观点；泥沙恢复饱和系数理论研究已开展了大量的研究工作，其主要难点集中在次饱和水流条件下泥沙浓度垂线分布研究，一些关键参数如非饱和系数c、加权系数 μ、底部含沙量 S b等计算取值仍未得到较好的解决。鉴于存在一定的不足，可利用最新的测量仪器开展系统的水槽试验，并结合相关研究成果进一步完善相关理论体系。

关键词： 泥沙恢复; 垂线分布; 恢复饱和系数; 研究进展

本文引用格式

渠庚 , 何海卫 , 郭小虎 . 水库下游河道泥沙沿程恢复研究综述[J]. 长江科学院院报, 0 : 20250432 . DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20250354

Abstract

After the construction of the reservoir, the sediment load in the discharge flow has significantly decreased. The deposition of sediment within the reservoir may lead to erosion adjustments in the downstream river, potentially causing adverse impacts on downstream flood control, water resource utilization, and aquatic ecological environments. Additionally, the study of river sediment dynamics remains one of the key challenges in this field. This paper summarizes the existing research results from two aspects of sediment recovery characteristics and theoretical research, and obtains the following understandings: There are great differences in the process of sediment restoration in the downstream channel of different reservoirs, and the understanding of sediment restoration law in the downstream channel is not the same. There is still a lack of consensus on whether there is mutual exchange between coarse and fine sediment in the process of recovery along the river. Extensive research work has been carried out on the theory of sediment recovery saturation coefficient, and the main difficulty is concentrated on the vertical distribution of sediment concentration under the condition of subsaturated flow. Some key parameters such as unsaturated coefficient c, weighting coefficient μ, sediment content S b and so on have not been greatly solved. In light of certain limitations, the latest measuring instruments can be employed to conduct systematic flume experiments, and the relevant research findings can be integrated to further refine and enhance the associated theoretical framework.

Key words： Sediment restoration; Vertical distribution; Restore saturation coefficient; Research progress

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