水库修建后下泄水流的含沙量大幅减少，泥沙沿程恢复引起下游河道冲刷调整，可能会给下游防洪、水资源利用及水生态环境等方面带来一定的不利影响，同时该研究也是河流泥沙动力学的难点之一。本文从泥沙恢复特征和理论研究等两个方面归纳总结了现有研究成果，得到以下认识：不同水库下游河道泥沙恢复过程存在较大差异性，对下游河道泥沙恢复规律认识也不尽相同，其中粗、细泥沙沿程恢复过程中是否存在相互交换仍缺乏一致认可的观点；泥沙恢复饱和系数理论研究已开展了大量的研究工作，其主要难点集中在次饱和水流条件下泥沙浓度垂线分布研究，一些关键参数如非饱和系数c、加权系数 \mu、底部含沙量 S_b等计算取值仍未得到较好的解决。鉴于存在一定的不足，可利用最新的测量仪器开展系统的水槽试验，并结合相关研究成果进一步完善相关理论体系。

After the construction of the reservoir, the sediment load in the discharge flow has significantly decreased. The deposition of sediment within the reservoir may lead to erosion adjustments in the downstream river, potentially causing adverse impacts on downstream flood control, water resource utilization, and aquatic ecological environments. Additionally, the study of river sediment dynamics remains one of the key challenges in this field. This paper summarizes the existing research results from two aspects of sediment recovery characteristics and theoretical research, and obtains the following understandings: There are great differences in the process of sediment restoration in the downstream channel of different reservoirs, and the understanding of sediment restoration law in the downstream channel is not the same. There is still a lack of consensus on whether there is mutual exchange between coarse and fine sediment in the process of recovery along the river. Extensive research work has been carried out on the theory of sediment recovery saturation coefficient, and the main difficulty is concentrated on the vertical distribution of sediment concentration under the condition of subsaturated flow. Some key parameters such as unsaturated coefficient c, weighting coefficient \mu, sediment content S_b and so on have not been greatly solved. In light of certain limitations, the latest measuring instruments can be employed to conduct systematic flume experiments, and the relevant research findings can be integrated to further refine and enhance the associated theoretical framework.