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DOI: https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20241250

水库调度运行下微塑料的迁移规律及防控建议

  • 陈玉玲 , 1, 2 ,
  • 林莉 , 1, 2
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  • 1.长江科学院 流域水环境研究所，武汉，430010
  • 2.长江水利委员会 流域水环境保护与治理创新团队，武汉，430010
林 莉（1983-），女，湖北省咸宁人，教授级高级工程师，博士，主要从事水利工程及新污染物的生态环境效应等研究。Email:

陈玉玲（1995-），女，河南省信阳人，博士后，博士，主要从事淡水环境微塑料的环境行为及生态环境效应等研究。Email:

收稿日期: 2024-12-10

  修回日期: 2025-04-01

  网络出版日期: 2025-04-30

基金资助

中国博士后科学基金第75批面上资助(2024M752748)

湖北省自然科学基金杰出青年项目(2023AFA056)

湖北省自然科学基金青年项目(2024AFB039)

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF20231024/SH)

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Migration Rule and Prevention and Control Suggestions of Microplastics under Reservoir Scheduling

  • CHEN Yu-ling , 1, 2 ,
  • LIN Li , 1, 2
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  • 1. Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
  • 2. Innovation Team for Basin Water Environmental Protection and Governance of Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan 430010, China

Received date: 2024-12-10

  Revised date: 2025-04-01

  Online published: 2025-04-30

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摘要

新污染物“微塑料”在我国水库环境中广泛存在，严重威胁着水库的水质安全和生态功能稳定。关于我国水库微塑料污染现状的研究主要集中在长江及其支流地区，不同区域和时期下微塑料污染水平差异较大，其中水体微塑料丰度范围在120~156667个/m3，沉积物微塑料丰度在75.6~63081个/kg。水库的调度运行通过大坝拦截和水库水文水动力条件改变等作用会显著影响微塑料在水库中的环境行为和输移过程，间接影响微塑料的生态环境效应。本文结合近年来国内外相关研究进展，系统梳理了我国水库微塑料的污染现状，分析了水库调度运行对微塑料输移过程的影响，并探讨了微塑料对水库生态环境的潜在风险。此外，本文还从微塑料的过程阻断和末端处理环节具体地提出了水库微塑料的防治对策建议，以期为保障我国水库水质安全与生态环境保护提供科学依据和决策参考。

关键词： 水库; 微塑料污染; 输移过程; 生态环境风险; 防治对策

本文引用格式

陈玉玲 , 林莉 . 水库调度运行下微塑料的迁移规律及防控建议[J]. 长江科学院院报, 0 . DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20241250

Abstract

Microplastics are widely found in China's reservoirs, posing threats to the safety of water quality and the stability of ecological functions of reservoirs. Researches on the pollution characteristics of microplastics in reservoirs in China mainly were focused on the Yangtze River and its tributaries. The pollution levels of microplastics in different regions and periods were quite different. The abundance of microplastics in water was 120-156667 items/m3, and the abundance of microplastics in sediments was 75.6-63081 items/kg. The operation of the reservoir could significantly affect the environmental behavior and transport process of microplastics through dam interception and the change of the hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions, and indirectly affect the ecological and environmental effects of microplastics. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the current situation of microplastics pollution in reservoirs in China based on the research progress in recent years, analyzed the impact of reservoir operation on microplastics transport process, and discussed the potential risks of microplastics to the ecological environment of reservoirs. In addition, this paper also put forward some suggestions on the prevention and control of microplastics in reservoirs from the process blocking and end treatment of microplastics, in order to provide scientific basis and decision-making reference for ensuring the water quality safety and ecological environment protection of reservoirs in China.

Key words： reservoirs; microplastic pollution; transport process; ecological environment risks; countermeasures

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