折坡扩散型消力池在中小型水利工程中经常采用,消能效果良好,能较好地适应地形变化。但由于其边界条件的复杂性,对其水跃特性的研究较少。通过水工模型试验,对不同工况下折坡扩散型消力池的水跃流态、跃长、跃后水深等水跃特征进行了研究。分析对比了在相同来流条件下,平底等宽型、折坡等宽型、折坡扩散型消力池的跃后共轭水深。结果表明,相同来流条件下,相较于等宽型消力池,折坡扩散型消力池因其单宽流量较小,可以更好地适应下游水深,且所需消力池深度更小。

Stilling basin with upstream diffusion slope is widely used in middle and small-sized hydraulic engineering as it has good energy dissipation effect and adapts to the topography condition well. But there are few studies on its hydraulic jump characteristics due to the complexity of its boundary condition. In this article, the flow pattern of jump, length of jump, height of jump in different working conditions are researched through hydraulic model test. Moreover, the conjugate water depths in stilling basin of flat rectangular type, upstream sloping rectangular type and upstream diffusion sloping type in the presence of the same incoming flow are compared and analyzed. Results reveal that in the presence of the same incoming flow, still basin with upstream diffusion slope could well adapt to the downstream water level and requires smaller depth than the other two types because of its small discharge per unit width.