水生植物去除重金属机制及生理响应研究综述

乔旭; 王沛芳; 郑莎莎; 雷阳; 包子云

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.05.004

长江科学院院报 >

2015 , Vol. 32 >Issue 5: 15 - 20

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.05.004

水资源与环境

水生植物去除重金属机制及生理响应研究综述

乔旭 ,
王沛芳 ,
郑莎莎 ,
雷阳 ,
包子云

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河海大学 a. 浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室;
b. 环境学院,南京 210098

乔旭(1991-),女,江苏连云港人,硕士研究生,主要从事水环境保护与生态修复研究,(电话)18751958577

收稿日期: 2014-01-21

网络出版日期: 2015-05-14

基金资助

国家重大基础“973”研究项目(2010CB429006);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07101-008)

收起

Review of Studies on the Mechanism of Removing HeavyMetals by Aquatic Plants and the Physiological Response of Plants

QIAO Xu ,
WANG Pei-fang ,
ZHENG Sha-sha ,
LEI Yang ,
BAO Zi-yun

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1.Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
2.College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

Received date: 2014-01-21

Online published: 2015-05-14

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摘要

:重金属是水环境中的典型污染物,存在着潜在的生态风险。利用水生植物去除重金属的处理方法具有高效、环保、经济等特点,成为当前研究的热点领域。阐述了植物对重金属的去除机制主要有植物吸收、根际微生物活动、植物根系微环境作用及植物富集,综述了植物在重金属胁迫下发生的生理响应,包括植物生长、细胞结构、酶活性等方面的生理变化。并讨论分析了pH、温度、底泥性质等对水生植物去除重金属过程的影响。同时,提出了植物去除重金属及响应机理方面还需深入研究的几个问题。

关键词： 水生植物; 重金属; 去除机理; 生态环境; 生理响应

本文引用格式

乔旭 , 王沛芳 , 郑莎莎 , 雷阳 , 包子云 . 水生植物去除重金属机制及生理响应研究综述[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2015 , 32(5) : 15 -20 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.05.004

Abstract

Heavy metal is a typical pollutant in aquatic ecosystem. The ions of heavy metals enter food chain resulting in healthy risks. Phytoremediation is emerging as the most potential technique of removing heavy metals due to its low expense and high efficiency. Toxic metals can inhibit plants growth, destroy the cell structure of plants , reduce enzyme activity and affect respiration and photosynthesis of plants. But the aquatic plants also suffer from heavy metal pollution to some degrees. The mechanism of removing heavy metals by aquatic plants is simply summarized from four aspects in this paper: phyto uptake, bioaccumulation and activities of rhizosphere microorganisms and removal by root system. Furthermore, factors affecting the removal efficiency are analysed, including pH, temperature, and soil characteristics. The study provides an overall theoretical basis for alleviating metal pollutions by using aquatic plants. Meanwhile, the prospects and several problems of the removal mechanism and the response of plants are presented.

Key words： aquatic plants; heavy metal; removal mechanism; ecological environment; physiological response

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