长江科学院院报 ›› 2017, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 59-63.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20160455

• 水力学 • 上一篇    下一篇

大型水利枢纽泄洪雾化原型观测研究

杜兰1, 卢金龙2, 李利1, 许学问3   

  1. 1.长江科学院 水力学研究所,武汉 430010;
    2.长江勘测规划设计研究院,武汉 430010;
    3.湖北省水利水电规划勘测设计院 ,武汉 430064
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-10 修回日期:2016-10-11 出版日期:2017-08-01 发布日期:2017-08-18
  • 作者简介:杜 兰(1985-),女,湖北襄阳人,工程师,硕士,主要从事水工水力学研究,(电话)027-82828114(电子信箱)kuailelanlan@163.com。

Prototype Observation on Flood Discharge Atomization of Large Hydraulic Project

DU Lan1, LU Jin-long2, LI Li1, XU Xue-wen3   

  1. 1.Hydraulics Department, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China;
    2.Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research, Wuhan 430010;
    3.Hubei Provincial Water Resources and Hydropower Planning Survey and Design Institute, Wuhan 430064, China
  • Received:2016-05-10 Revised:2016-10-11 Online:2017-08-01 Published:2017-08-18
  • Supported by:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51279013,51379020); 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401904); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(CKSF2016046/SL)

摘要: 大型水利枢纽,尤其采用挑流消能工的高坝工程,在泄洪时产生的雾化降雨强度远超自然降雨,由此对枢纽正常运行、泄洪区交通安全、周围环境等均构成危害。对金沙江下游溪洛渡水电站大坝深孔泄洪时雾化影响范围、降雨强度分布、气象特性等进行了重点观测研究。结果表明:溪洛渡水电站深孔泄洪雾化降雨强度分布呈现局部降雨强度大、降雨强度沿纵向及岸坡方向递减速度快的特点;观测工况下最大降雨强度达4 704 mm/h;观测时段自然风速未超过3.5 m/s条件下,泄洪区最大风速达16.3 m/s;自然气压为0 kPa、空气湿度为85%左右时,最大气压约为96 kPa,空气湿度为100%。观测成果一方面可对溪洛渡水电站岸坡防护设计进行验证,并为以后类似工程的岸坡防护设计提供参考,另一方面可为其他研究手段的完善提供丰富详实数据,具有重要价值。

关键词: 挑流消能, 泄洪雾化, 原型观测, 降雨强度, 气象特性

Abstract: The atomization rainfall induced by flood discharge of large hydraulic projects, especially those with ski-jump energy dissipater, is far more intense than natural rainfall, harmful for the project's normal operation, traffic safety, and surrounding environment. In this article, prototype observation is carried out to research the atomization influence scope, rainfall intensity distribution, and meteorological characteristics during the deep-hole discharge of Xiluodu hydraulic project in the downstream of Jinsha River. Results suggest that distributing in some local positions, the atomization rainfall intensity at Xiluodu hydropower project decreases rapidly along longitudinal and bank slope directions. In observation condition, the maximum intensity reaches 4 704 mm/h; when natural wind speed is smaller than 3.5 m/s, the maximum wind speed in flood discharge area is up to 16.3 m/s; and when natural air pressure and humidity are 0 kPa and 85% respectively, the maximum air pressure and humidity in flood discharge area reaches 96 kPa and 100%,respectively. The observation results could be used to verify the design of bank slope protection for Xiluodu hydropower project, and also provides rich and detailed data for other research approaches.

Key words: trajectory energy dissipation, flood discharge atomization, prototype observation, rainfall intensity, meteorological characteristic

中图分类号: