晋西黄土丘陵区不同农作物用地土壤团粒稳定性研究

徐灿; 张平仓; 丁文峰

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.03.008

PDF(1155 KB)

长江科学院院报 ›› 2015, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3) : 35-39,49. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.03.008

土壤侵蚀机理

晋西黄土丘陵区不同农作物用地土壤团粒稳定性研究

徐灿,张平仓,丁文峰

作者信息 +

Soil Aggregate Stability with Different Land Use for Crops in the Hilly-gully Region of Loess Plateau

XU Can,ZHANG Ping-cang,DING Wen-feng

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为分析不同农作物用地土壤团粒结构稳定性,揭示种植模式和作物生长对土壤质量的作用与影响,以晋西黄土丘陵区主要农作物用地土壤为研究对象,以分形维数D和矩法参数为指标,分析不同种类农作物用地土壤团聚体稳定性。结果表明:基于表层土壤团粒分形维数,土壤结构稳定性变化由强到弱依次为土豆、黍子、绿豆、黄豆、苹果、玉米、向日葵、核桃;基于表层土壤水稳性团粒分形维数,土壤结构稳定性变化由强到弱依次为绿豆、黄豆、土豆、向日葵、黍子、玉米、苹果、核桃;比较不同农作物用地0.25~3 mm粒径土壤团粒含量,得出土壤肥力变化由大到小依次为黍子、绿豆、黄豆、土豆、玉米、向日葵、苹果、核桃。用矩法的理论和特征参数评价得出:农作物用地0~20 cm深度的土壤偏度系数C_S普遍小于20~40 cm土层;核桃地表层土壤偏度系数C_S甚至转为负值;峰凸系数C_E差异不大,均为负值。研究成果表明:人为干扰对表层土壤结构破坏作用明显,农作物用地土壤结构稳定性普遍较差。

Abstract

To analyze and compare the stability of soil aggregate under different land use for crops, and reveal the effect and influence of human activities and crops growth on soil quality, an experiment on farmland soil was conducted. Fractal dimension and moment method parameter were employed, and farmland soil in the hilly-gully region of loess plateau in west Shanxi province is taken as research object. Results reveal that: 1) according to the aggregate fractal dimension of surface soil, the stability of soil structure ranges in order of potato, millet, mung bean, soybean, apple, corn, sunflower and walnut from strong to weak; 2) according to the fractal dimension of water-stable soil aggregate, the stability of soil structure ranges in order of mung bean, soybean, potato, sunflower, millet, corn, apple and walnut from strong to weak. The amount of soil aggregates (0.25~3mm) of millet is the highest, followed by mung bean, soybean, potato, corn, sunflower, apple and walnut. In consideration of the composition of soil aggregates, water stable aggregates and the fractal dimension, the soil structure and stability of potato, millet, mung bean, soybean and apple are better, and that of walnut is the lowest among these eight crops. By using moment method and characteristic parameters we concluded that the value of CS of soil layer in depth 0~20cm is generally smaller than the CS in depth 20~40cm. The value of CS of walnut ground even is negative. The difference of convex peak coefficient (CE) is not obvious and are all negative. The research achievements suggest that the damage of human disturbance to the structure of surface soil is apparent and the soil structure of land use for crops is generally poor.

导出引用

徐灿,张平仓,丁文峰. 晋西黄土丘陵区不同农作物用地土壤团粒稳定性研究[J]. 长江科学院院报. 2015, 32(3): 35-39,49 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.03.008

XU Can,ZHANG Ping-cang,DING Wen-feng. Soil Aggregate Stability with Different Land Use for Crops in the Hilly-gully Region of Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute. 2015, 32(3): 35-39,49 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.03.008

中图分类号： S157.1

参考文献

张光辉,刘国彬. 黄土丘陵区小流域土壤表面特性变化规律研究.地理科学,2001,21(2):118-121. (ZHANG Guang-hui, LIU Guo-bin. Spatial and Temporal Variability of Soil Surface Properties in Danangou Catchment in Loess Hill and Hilly Region. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2001,21(2): 118-121.(in Chinese))
丁文峰,丁登山.黄土高原植被破坏前后土壤团粒结构分形特征.地理研究,2002,21(6):700-706. (DING Wen-feng, DING Deng-shan. The Fractal Features of Soil Granule Structure Before and After Vegetation Destruction on Loess Plateau. Geographical Research, 2002,21(6):700-706. (in Chinese))
周萍,刘国彬,侯喜禄.黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤团粒结构分形特征.中国水土保持科学,2008,6(2):75-82. (ZHOU Ping, LIU Guo-bin, HOU Xi-lu. Fractal Features of Soil Aggregate Structure under Different Land Use in the Hilly-gully Region of Loess Plateau. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2008,6(2):75-82.( in Chinese))
李光录.黄土高原南部土壤退化机理研究.云南环境科学,2000,19(增刊):89-92. (LI Guang-lu. Study on Soil Degeneration on Southern Plateau. Yunnan Environmental Science, 2000,19(Sup.):89-92. ( in Chinese))
曹银真. 黄土形状对土壤侵蚀的影响.中国水土保持,1983,(2):7-12. (CAO Yin-zhen. The Influence of the Loess Shape on the Soil Erosion. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 1983, (2): 7-12. ( in Chinese))
KIRKEBY M J, MORGAN R P C.土壤侵蚀.北京:水利水电出版社,1987. (KIRKEBY M J, MORGAN R P C. Soil Erosion. Beijing: China Water Power Press,1987. (in Chinese))
杨培岭,罗远培,石元春.用粒径的重量分布表征的土壤分形特征.科学通报,1993,38(20):1896-1899. (YANG Pei-ling, LUO Yuan-pei, SHI Yuan-chun. Soil Fractal Characteristics with the Distribution of the Weight of the Particle Size. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1993,38(20):1896-1899. (in Chinese))
田积莹,黄义端. 子午岭连家畈地区土壤物理性质与土壤抗侵蚀性能指标的初步研究.土壤学报,1964,12(3):286-296.(TIAN Ji-ying, HUANG Yi-duan. Investigation on Physical Properties of Soil in Relation to the Index of Soil Resistance to Erosion in the Region of Tziwu-ling, Kansu. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 1964,12(3):286-296. ( in Chinese))
陈恩凤, 关连珠, 汪景宽, 等. 土壤特征微团聚体的组成比例与肥力评价. 土壤学报, 2001, 38(1) : 49- 53.(CHEN En-feng, GUAN Lian-zhu, WANG Jing-kuan, et al. Compositional Proportion of Soil Characteristic Microaggregates and Soil Fertility Evaluation.Acta Pedologica Sinica 2001, 38(1):49-53.(in Chinese))
VANIA S F, SALCEDO I H. Declines of Organic Nutrient Pools in Tropical Semiarid Soils under Subsistence Farming. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2004, 68: 215-224.
CASTRIGUANO A, STELLUTI M. Fractal Geometry and Geostatistics for Describing the Field Variability of Soil Aggregation. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 1999,(73):13-18.
RASIAH V, KAY B D, PERFECT E. New Mass-based Model for Estimating Fractal Dimensions of Soil Aggregates. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1993, 57: 891-895.
祁迎春,王益权,刘军,等.不同土地利用方式土壤团聚体组成及几种团聚体稳定性指标的比较.农业工程学报,2011,27(1):340-347.(QI Ying-chun, WANG Yi-quan, LIU Jan, et al. Comparative Study on Composition of Soil Aggregates with Different Land Use Patterns and Several Kinds of Soil Aggregate Stability Index. Transactions of the CSAE,2011,27(1):340-347.(in Chinese))