利用400 g-t土工离心机模拟了高水头条件下氯离子在高岭土衬垫中的一维运移及击穿过程。在1g条件下采用高含水率的高岭土泥浆加压固结制备形成衬垫模型，离心模型试验离心加速度50g，历时3 h 52 min，成功模拟了高水头条件下氯离子击穿黏土衬垫的过程。试验结果表明：离心状态下模型在高渗透压力作用发生再固结，在约30 min固结过程中模型发生了非稳定渗流，对早期污染物运移过程具有一定的影响，导致该运移过程与Ogata(1961)提出的污染物一维对流-扩散解析解的求解条件有所差异。采用等效时间的方法对试验结果进行拟合，根据拟合的参数预测原型的击穿时间，发现渗透系数为3.2×10^-9m/s的2 m厚黏土衬垫在上覆10 m水头作用下的击穿时间仅为1.97 a，稳定渗漏率为0.604 m/a。

One dimensional chloridion movement in a Kaolin clay liner is modeled by using 400 g-t centrifuge machine. Liner model is prepared by consolidating a high water content Kaolin slurry in 1 g condition. The breakthrough of chloridion in the Kaolin clay liner under high hydraulic head is successfully simulated at 50 g centrifugal acceleration for 3 hours and 52 minutes. The results indicate the liner model experienced further consolidation in the centrifuge due to the induced seepage force, and the consolidation-induced seepage resulted in a transient flow in the early stage. The transient flow influenced the chloridion movement process, which is inconsistent with the condition of Ogata’s analytical solution (1961) for one-dimensional advection-dispersion problem. An equivalent time method is proposed in this paper to analyze the test results. The prototype breakthrough time was predicted by the fitted parameters. The experimental results demonstrated that under a hydraulic head of 10 m, the breakthrough time for 2 m thick Kaolin clay liner with a hydraulic conductivity of 3.2×10^-9m/s was 1.97year, and the stable leakage rate was 0.604 m/yr.