《关于加快水利改革发展的决定》明确提出了实施最严格的水资源管理制度，用水效率控制红线是其中主要的组成部分之一。通过介绍国内用水现状、与发达国家用水效率的对比、用水效率制度建设、水资源管理责任和考核制度、用水效率与总量控制及水功能区纳污控制等方面，探索用水效率制度建设的问题，并提出建立红黄蓝三线控制的建议。

Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Accelerating the Development of Water Conservancy Reform clearly puts forward the most stringent water management system, in which the Red Control Line of water use efficiency is one of the major components. In this paper, institutional construction for water use efficiency are discussed, and suggestion of hierarchical control by Red Line, Yellow Line, and Blue Line are given. The suggestion is made on the basis of  introducing the status quo of domestic water use, comparing water use efficiency in China with that in developed countries, establishing the system of water use efficiency, presenting the  responsibility and the appraisal system of water resource management, and combining total amount control and water use efficiency with pollution receiving capacity control in water functional areas.