简要介绍了长江科学院在流域水环境与水生态研究方向近 10 年来取得的主要科研成果。重点阐述了在健康长江、生态需水及生态调度、水利水电工程的生态环境影响、水域纳污能力计算与评价、水环境监测及突发性水污染应急事故、水环境模拟、面源污染监控与防治等方面的创新研究成果，最后对流域水环境和水生态的研究进行了展望。

Major research achievements with respect to basin water environment and ecology by Changjiang/Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute (CRSRI/YRSRI) in the last decade are presented. Innovative research findings in particular, are underscored in terms of healthy Changjiang River, ecological water demand and eco  regulation, effect of water conservancy and hydropower plants on eco-environment, calculation and assessment of pollution load capacity, water environment monitoring and policy for accidental water pollution emergency, and water environment simulation as well as the monitoring and control of non  point source pollution. Prospects of the researches on basin water environment and water ecology are looked forward.