土工离心机是研究复杂岩土工程问题的大型专用设备，长江科学院（以下简称长科院）早在 20 世纪 80 年代建成了当时国内最大的总容量300g-t 、有效容量180g-t 的土工离心机，为我国离心机研制和离心模型试验技术的发展奠定了重要基础。简要总结了国内外土工离心机的发展历史，介绍了长科院第一代土工离心机的研制过程和意义，回顾了第一代离心机所开展的重要研究工作及所取得的成果；详细叙述了长科院第二代土工离心机的研制过程和性能。在此基础上，对近期完成的几个离心模型试验成果进行介绍，并通过多项试验研究验证了试验系统的可靠性。

Geotechnical centrifuge is a large special equipment to study complex geotechnical engineering problems. As early as in the 1980s, the largest geotechnical centrifuge in china at that time with a total capacity of 300g-t and an effective capacity of 180g-t was built at Changjiang/Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute(CRSRI), which laid foundation for the development of centrifuge and centrifugal model test technology in china. The development history of geotechnical centrifuge at home and abroad is firstly summarized in this paper. The developing process of the first generation geotechnical centrifuge in CRSRI and its significance are introduced, and the main research work and achievements regarding the first generation centrifuge are reviewed. Moreover, the development and properties of the second generation geotechnical centrifuge of CRSRI are described in details, and the reliability of the test system is proved by centrifugal model tests completed recently.