分析了目前混凝土坝变形监测模型中时效因子的特点，提出了采用“预建模”方式优化时效预置因子集的方法，通过对某混凝土坝水平位移实际建模结果的对比分析，得出了混凝土坝时效变形的一些特性。研究表明：当时效因子预置不当时，可能导致模型分离出的时效变形背离其基本物理意义；当变形建模结果中回归常数绝对值很大时，时效变形将会出现畸形；通过对混凝土坝时效变形特性进行分类，可以建立大坝结构实测性态评价的定性准则，制定大坝安全监控的定性监控指标。

From the analysis on the characteristics of time effect factors in current concrete dam deformation monitoring models, this paper presented the method which applies a pre-modeling approach to optimize the preset factors of time effect, and then got some characteristics of time effect deformation by taking contrastive analysis on the simulated results obtained from actual model of horizontal displacement of some concrete dam. The investigation showed that: improperly preset factor may lead to the time effect deformation, which deviates from its basic physical meaning ； when the regression constants ' absolute value of deformation simulated results is very great, there would be a time effect deformation deformity; by classifying the time effect deformation in terms of their characteristics, the qualitative evaluation criteria of dam ' s structural state could be established, and the qualitatively monitoring index of dam safety monitoring could be set also