解吸是河流溶解性物质侵蚀的重要表现形式，对流域内水土流失及水环境的变化有着重要的影响。从微观界面过程与宏观迁移过程角度，分析了溶解性物质解吸的理论模式；归纳了影响溶解性物质解吸的因素，并对主要因素影响溶解性物质解吸的规律进行了探讨；总结了在溶解性物质解吸时随河道水体迁移的宏观迁移模型方面所取得的成果。在此基础上，指出了河流溶解性物质解吸研究中存在的问题，并对其研究趋向进行了展望。

Desorption is one of the significant presentation of erosion of soluble matters in rivers. It has a great influence on the soil erosion and the water environment in river basins. From the view of micro interface process and macro transfer process of soluble matters, the theoretical mode for desorption is introduced. The factors influencing desorption process are summarized, and the effects of main factors on desorption are analysed. Then the numerical models about the transfer of soluble matters in rivers are reviewed. At last the problems and future trend in investigating desorption of soluble matters are proposed.