为研究长距离有压管道充水过程并保证其运行中的安全，针对长距离有压管道的特点，对其充水过程，采取分段处理、依次充水的策略。对于每一段管道，闸门处采用宽顶堰型闸孔出流形式，结合空气阀的排气性质，运用气体状态方程，按小流量充水原则建立数学模型。在不同充水流量和不同空气阀间距下，计算管道内各特征点气体压强变化。计算表明充水流量越大，空气阀间距越长，特征点的气体压强越大，管道越危险。计算结果可为长距离输水管道充水过程的安全评估提供科学依据。

The authors researched the water-filling process of a pressured-pipeline in the long distance. According to the characteristics for the pressured  pipeline in the long distance during the filling process, the strategies of sectional treatment and water filling in succession are adopted. For each segment of the pipe, a mathematical model is established with adopting the sluice gate outflow type of the broad crest weir and using the Clapeyron equation according to the filling principle under the low flow rate in combination with the characteristics of exhaust gas of an air valve. On the basis of the different water filling discharges and the different air valve intervals, authors calculate the pressure changes on the feature points in the pipe. The calculated results indicate that: the greater the water filling discharge, the longer the air valve interval ； the greater the feature points pressure, the higher pipe risk. This computation results can provide safety assessment foundations for the pressured-pipeline filling process in the long distance.