介绍了健康长江的概念，概括了国内外河流健康评价的研究进展。在此基础上根据长江流域实际情况，确定健康长江评价方法，给出指标赋值标准，将模糊评价和层次分析法结合，建立指标层次结构模型，构造判断矩阵，计算权重并进行一致性检验，对健康长江评价指标确定权重，探索性地对长江健康状况进行评价。评价结果表明生态环境状况已成为影响长江健康的主要因素。

This paper brings forward the concept of healthy Yangtze River and generalizes the development of river health assessment. An index system which synthesizes the fuzzy synthesis evaluation mothod and the analytical hierarchy procedure is established to evaluate the health status of Yangtze River, and the weights and assigned standards are given. The result shows that the ecological environment problem has become the main factor affecting the health status of Yangtze River.