针对刚性挡土墙，推导了非极限状态摩擦角与相对位移之间的关系式，分析了最不利情况下墙后土楔的受力情况，得到非极限状态主动土压力计算公式，较好地解释了平动位移模式下的主动土压力分布性状。并通过室内模型试验进行了验算。文中仅对砂性土主动土压力进行研究。

As for rigid retaining walls, the relationship between the friction angles at non-limit state and wall movement is developed. By analyzing the forces acting on soil wedge under the most unfavorable conditions, the formula of calculating earth pressure in the non-limit state is achieved. It can explain the earth pressure distribution of translation movement mode well. And this formula is verified through experiments. The research represents only the active earth pressure of sand soil in this text.