为弄清长江中上游地区土壤抗冲性宏观分布特征，采用原状土冲刷水槽法，对长江中上游地区9省50个测试点的土壤抗冲性进行了野外测试。分析结果表明土壤抗冲性随土壤类型变化由大到小依次为：红壤、黄壤、棕壤、石灰土、紫色土、褐土。抗冲性沿土壤剖面垂直变化规律分为3种类型：土壤质地主导型、农业耕作主导型、腐殖质层影响型，前一种抗冲性随土壤深度单调增加，后2种为抛物线型变化趋势。对抗冲性的地域分异规律进行了分析和描述，将长江中上游地区按抗冲系数的大小划分为4个典型的区域。

In order to probe into distribution features of soil anti-scourability in the upper-middle re
aches of Yangtze river, the field tests on soil anti-scourability at 50 test plots of 9 provinces were conducted by the undisturbed soil trough scouring method. The results show that soil anti scourability varies with soil and is to be ranged from strong to weak in order of red soil, yellow soil, brown oil, limestone soil,purple soil, cinnamon soil. There exist three types of soil anti-scourability along the vertical profile, namely, soil texture determination type, cultivation determination type and humus determination type. The anti-scourability of the former increases with vertical depth and the other-two-types are similar to parabola. The regional diversities of anti-scourability are described. According to the anti-scour coefficient, the upper-middle reaches of Yangtze River may be parti-tioned into 4 typical regions.