青岛地铁2号线枣李区间隧道下穿李村河,隧洞顶部位于强风化花岗岩层中,上覆有粉质黏土层和砂层,必须确保不破坏上部天然隔水层,并达到快速安全穿越的目的。首先根据地质条件和施工经验初步选定了5个施工方案;再利用数值方法模拟隧道开挖过程,考虑施工速度、开挖步距离、开挖方式和支护结构对围岩变形和塑性区的发展范围的影响,研究各方案下隧道围岩的变形规律,比对控制点变形量和拱顶沉降变化曲线,在5个方案中选取最合适的方案;最后针对确定的施工方案,以穿河隧道上覆岩层塑性区范围、隧道沉降和收敛值为控制指标,进行了施工参数的二次优化。在确保隔水层隔水效果的前提下,提高施工速度,为隧道安全、快速施工提供了科学依据和技术指导。
Abstract
The tunnel between Zaoshan station and Licun station of Qingdao metro line 2 is constructed under the Licun-river. The top of the tunnel which is located in the strongly weathered granite layer is covered by sand layer of high permeability and silt clay layer of impermeability. The construction safety must be ensured so that it would not destroy the upper natural aquifer. Five schemes of construction were put forward based on the geological conditions and construction experience. The tunnel excavation process was numerically simulated. Almost all of the factors that influence the deformation and the development of plastic zone of the surrounding rock were taken into account, including construction speed, excavation step distance, excavation method and supporting structures. The most suitable construction scheme was selected by analyzing the deformation regularity of the surrounding rock and comparing the curves of deformation at key locations and settlement at the top of the tunnel in each scheme. Furthermore, the construction parameters of the optimal scheme were secondly optimized according to the control indexes of the range of plastic zone of overlying rock, the settlement of the top and the convergence value of the sides. In the precondition of ensuring the water resisting effect of silt clay layer, the construction speed was greatly increased. Moreover, the construction method provides scientific basis and technical guidance for safe and rapid construction.
关键词
青岛地铁 /
穿河隧道 /
隔水层 /
施工优化
Key words
Qingdao Metro /
river-crossing tunnel /
water-resisting layer /
construction optimization
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51174128);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20123718110007)
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