锦屏辅助洞岩爆的爆破主动控制实践

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2014.11.0232014,31(11):114-119

长江科学院院报 ›› 2014, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 114-119.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2014.11.0232014,31(11):114-119

锦屏辅助洞岩爆的爆破主动控制实践

王继敏¹,吴新霞²,曾雄辉¹,严鹏^2,3a,3b

1.二滩水电开发有限公司锦屏建设管理局,成都 610021;
2. 长江科学院水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室,武汉 430070;
3. 武汉大学 a.水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室;
b.教育部水工岩石力学重点实验室,武汉 430072

收稿日期:2014-04-30 修回日期:2014-11-05 出版日期:2014-11-01 发布日期:2014-11-05
作者简介:王继敏(1964-),男,湖南湘潭人,教授级高级工程师,主要从事水电工程建设管理和技术工作,(电话)13981528001(电子信箱)wangjimin@ehdc.com.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51009013,51179138);国家重点基础发展规划(973)项目(2010CB732003);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(51125037)

Active Prevention of Rock Burst by Blasting Technology in Jinping Auxiliary Tunnel

WANG Ji-min¹,WU Xin-xia²,ZENG Xiong-hui¹, YAN Peng^2,3,4

1. Jinping Construction Management Department, Ertan Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610021, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010,China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072;
4. Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Rock Mechanics of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China

Received:2014-04-30 Revised:2014-11-05 Published:2014-11-01 Online:2014-11-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以横穿锦屏山脉、平均埋深达到1500～2000m的锦屏辅助洞爆破开挖过程中岩爆控制为背景,介绍了辅助洞沿线岩爆分布规律及基于应力解除爆破和控制爆破技术的岩爆控制措施。辅助洞岩爆的沿线分布表明施工过程中岩爆的防治应该一方面改善围岩应力集中的程度,另一方面降低岩体的储能能力。强烈和极强岩爆洞段应力解除爆破应特别重视掌子面前方和两侧围岩中应力集中区的解除,爆破孔的间距宜在1～2m之间,不宜过大,否则将影响应力解除的效率和效果。另外,通过改善洞室周边轮廓形状、调整钻孔作业顺序和控制爆破进尺在2m以内等措施,改善了应力状态、减小了爆破扰动,对控制强烈岩爆和极强岩爆发生的频率和等级起到了积极作用。对类似深埋隧洞开挖过程中的高应力动力破坏控制具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 锦屏辅助洞, 岩爆, 主动控制, 控制爆破

Abstract: The regularities of rock burst distribution along auxiliary tunnel during excavation are presented, and the measures of controlling rock burst by technology of destressing blasting and controlled blasting are discussed. The practice of rock burst controlling during the excavation of Jinping auxiliary tunnel which crosses the Jinping mountain with an average buried depth of 1 500-2 000 m is taken as a research background. The regularities of rock burst distribution along the auxiliary tunnel indicate that the rock burst should be prevented in two ways the stress concentration in surrounding rock and also the energy storage capability of surrounding rock should be reduced. Particular attention should be paid to relieve the stress in the areas in front of and both sides of tunnel face when destressing blasting methods are adopted during excavation of tunnel sections with strong and extremely strong rock burst proneness, and the distance between blast holes should be within 1-2 m, which should not be too large, or the efficiency and effectiveness of stress relieving would be reduced. In addition, the controlled blasting measures, such as improving the shape of cavern contour, adjusting drilling procedures and controlling blasting footage below 2 m, could be used to improve the stress state and reduce blasting disturbance, and they are proved to have positive effect on reducing the frequency and grade of strong and extremely strong rock burst.

Key words: Jinping auxiliary tunnel, rock burst, active control, controlled blasting

中图分类号:

O319.56

王继敏,吴新霞,曾雄辉,严鹏. 锦屏辅助洞岩爆的爆破主动控制实践[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2014, 31(11): 114-119.

WANG Ji-min,WU Xin-xia,ZENG Xiong-hui, YAN Peng. Active Prevention of Rock Burst by Blasting Technology in Jinping Auxiliary Tunnel[J]. JOURNAL OF YANGTZE RIVER SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTI, 2014, 31(11): 114-119.

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锦屏辅助洞岩爆的爆破主动控制实践

Active Prevention of Rock Burst by Blasting Technology in Jinping Auxiliary Tunnel

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