以山区河流天然的阶梯-深潭结构为研究对象,采用k-ε双方程紊流数值模拟方法,研究了不同流量下的阶梯-深潭结构潭底压力特征与河床结构安全相关的性质。4个数模工况实验数据均表明阶梯-深潭结构深潭底压力分布较为均匀,在潭底的压力分布呈现类似圆圈状闭合曲线状形式,保证了潭区压力分布的均匀性和合理性,同时也促进了能量高效均匀耗散。此外,阶梯-深潭结构主动调整潭区结构以及水深分布,形成水垫促进压差分布趋于平稳,阻止了因大流量工况下能量积聚、压力集中对河床结构造成直接被冲毁情形的发生,有利于河床结构的稳定和安全。
Abstract
Numerical simulation based on k-ε double-equation turbulent model is employed to research the pressure characteristics at the bottom of natural step-pool system in mountainous rivers and the structural safety of riverbed under different flow rates. Four numerical experiments show that pressure distribution at the bottom of step-pool is relatively uniform in the shape of closed curves, which ensures that energy disperses into the mainstream around quickly. Moreover, step-pool system has self-adaptive ability in adjusting the morphology and water depth in the pool area. A water cushion is formed to ensure that the differential pressure distribution becomes stable, thereby preventing the riverbed from being destroyed by direct increase in energy and pressure concentration, which is beneficial to the riverbed’s safety and stability.
关键词
阶梯-深潭 /
深潭底部 /
数值模拟 /
压力分布 /
河床稳定
Key words
step-pool /
bottom of the pool /
numerical simulation /
pressure distribution /
riverbed stability
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41001008);四川省教育厅资助项目(12ZB306)
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