台阶式溢洪道消能率无法详细反映其消能特性, 为了突出反映台阶消能作用, 从总消能水头中扣除光滑溢洪道原有消能水头得到纯台阶消能部分, 计算了单位高度纯台阶消能率, 以及台阶消能所占总消能的比重。结果表明滑行水流的单位高度纯台阶消能率约为0.80%/m~0.83%/m, 与单宽流量和台阶数目均无关, 随台阶高度增大增幅为4.5%;纯台阶消能所占总消能比重随单宽流量增大而增加, 随台阶数目增多而减小;此外, 还对单宽流量增加时消能率下降的原因进行了探讨。结果分析表明大单宽流量消能率下降是由于光滑溢洪道能作用降低而纯台阶消能不变导致的。
Abstract
Energy dissipation ratio of stepped spillways could not reflect the energy dissipation status in detail. In order to reflect the energy dissipation function of steps, the total energy dissipation is divided into two parts energy dissipation of traditional spillways and energy dissipation purely created by steps. The unit height energy dissipation ratio of steps and the proportion of energy dissipation created by steps are calculated. Results demonstrate that the unit height energy dissipation ratio of step is about 0.80%/m- 0.83%/m, uncorrelated with unit discharge and step amount, and has a slight increase of 4.5% with the increment of step height; the proportion of energy dissipation created by steps increases with unit discharge and decreases with the increase of step amount. The decrease in energy dissipation ratio with the increase of unit discharge is because that the energy dissipation of smooth spillway reduces while the energy dissipation of stepped spillway remains unchanged.
关键词
台阶式溢洪道 /
滑行水流 /
单宽流量 /
台阶高度 /
消能率
Key words
stepped spillway /
skimming flow /
discharge per unit width /
step height /
energy dissipation ratio
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