现有数字孪生城市防洪排涝调度研究主要侧重于正向推演，缺乏水库至下游河网的逆向推演，“正向—逆向”组合推演体系尚不完善。以深圳水库及下游深圳河为研究对象，构建了“降雨—径流—调度—演进”全过程水文-水动力耦合模型体系，研发了具备“正向—逆向—正向”迭代优化能力的城市水库数字孪生防洪调度平台，并围绕“水库正向调度—下游断面控泄反算—方案迭代优化”全链条开展情景推演，实现了防洪调度方案的动态生成与迭代优化。平台依托JavaScript引擎、热更新及XML批处理技术，可将组合推演流程解耦为标准化功能单元，支持多模型灵活配置与推演流程在线重构，显著提升了协同推演迭代效率，为推进城市水库防洪调度数字孪生建设提供了技术示范。

[Objective] Existing research on digital twin-based urban flood control and drainage dispatch predominantly focuses on forward simulation，while inverse deduction from reservoirs to downstream river networks remains insufficient. This study develops a digital twin platform to conduct scenario simulations across the entire chain from reservoir forward dispatch，inverse calculations for discharge-limited control at downstream sections，to iterative scheme optimization，aiming to provide more precise technical support for urban flood control decision-making. [Methods] Taking Shenzhen Reservoir and its downstream Shenzhen River as the study area，we constructed a coupled hydrological-hydrodynamic model system covering the entire process of rainfall，runoff，dispatch，and evolution. Leveraging the JavaScript engine，hot-reloading，and XML batch processing technologies，the combined simulation workflow was decoupled into standardized functional units. Through the encapsulation of these units，independent configuration and flexible combination of hydrological，hydrodynamic，and dispatch rule models were achieved. Consequently，a digital twin flood dispatch platform for urban reservoirs was developed，featuring robust “forward-inverse-forward” iterative optimization capabilities. [Results and Conclusion] The platform successfully enables forward reservoir dispatch calculations，inverse calculations for discharge-limited control at downstream sections，iterative scheme optimization，and the decoupling and modular batch processing of flood simulation processes. This significantly enhances the operational iteration efficiency of the “forward-inverse-forward” simulation. Future research will introduce parallel computing and reduced-order modeling （ROM） techniques to improve hydraulic response speeds under complex dispatch scenarios.