长江是江苏省国土空间开发最重要的东西轴线,是城市群布局、产业发展和交通运输的基础依托,统一规划长江江苏段的岸线保护利用,是落实推动长江经济带高质量发展的实际行动。针对江苏省长江岸线利用程度高、情况复杂等特点,以江阴市为例,开展了长江岸线保护利用规划研究回顾和评估。从江阴市长江岸线利用项目的类别、与《长江岸线保护和开发利用总体规划》的关系、“三生”(即生产、生活、生态)岸线类型等不同角度,梳理复核了规划基准年(2018年)、近期水平年(2025年)长江岸线利用情况,分析了江阴市长江岸线利用特点及存在的问题,评估了规划成果以及在近期水平年的实施情况。结果表明,相较基准年(2018年),目前江阴市岸线利用项目数量已由104个减少为92个,岸线利用率相应由80.1%下降至66.0%;“三生”岸线比例变为40∶5∶55,较《江阴市长江岸线保护利用规划》中远期水平年(2035年)要求的42∶18∶40,生产岸线比例已压减至规划远期水平年要求以下,生态岸线比例已提升至规划远期水平年要求以上,江阴市长江岸线利用现状总体达到规划目标。最后,从规划衔接、提升效能和加强监管等方面,就江阴市长江岸线保护利用提出了针对性的对策建议。研究结果可为江苏省河湖管理相关工作及“十五五”水利相关专项规划编制提供支撑。

[Objective] The Yangtze River is the most important east-west axis for the development of territorial space and provides a foundation for urban agglomeration planning, industrial development, and transportation in Jiangsu Province. Implementing protection and utilization planning of the Yangtze River shoreline is a practical measure to promote the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and to support integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta. Given the high intensity and complexity of Yangtze River shoreline utilization in Jiangsu Province, this study conducts an implementation evaluation of protection and utilization planning in Jiangyin City. [Methods] From different perspectives such as shoreline utilization project types, shoreline functional zones, and the “production-living-ecological” utilization types, the status of shoreline utilization in Jiangyin City was reviewed and analyzed for the base year (2018) and the recent level year (2025). Changes, characteristics, and key problems of shoreline utilization were identified, and the phased planning outcomes and their implementation under protection and utilization planning were evaluated for the recent level year. [Results] The results showed that protection and utilization planning of the Yangtze River shoreline provided important guidance and that current utilization reached the main planning goals. Specifically, they mainly included: (1) the number of shoreline utilization projects decreased from 104 to 92 since 2018, and utilization rate of the shoreline declined from 80.1% to 66.0%. Across the 92 shoreline utilization projects, the overall proportion of shoreline length in the “production-living-ecological” types was 40∶5∶55. The production shoreline length of Xiagang Street had the highest proportion compared to other streets, reaching 73.3%, while Shengang Street had the highest proportion of living shoreline length (8.5%), and Chengjiang Street had the highest proportion of ecological shoreline length (90.5%), consistent with the functional distribution across streets. (2) Three stages of shoreline utilization were identified: rapid development and intensified utilization from 2000 to 2015, a shift toward governance and protection from 2016 to 2020, and improved efficiency of intensive utilization since 2021. The proportions of the three categories tended to stabilize, and the ecological environment along the Yangtze River in Jiangyin City improved substantially. However, increasing the retention rate of natural shoreline remained challenging. (3) The planned proportions of the three types were 46∶18∶36 for the recent level year (2025), and 42∶18∶40 for the long-term level year (2035). Following the implementation of the plan and related actions for the management and protection of rivers and lakes, the proportion of production shoreline was reduced to below the planned requirement for the long-term level year (2035), while the proportion of ecological shoreline was increased to above the planned requirement. Nevertheless, there are still risks in implementing certain specific arrangements of the plan, and dismantling some utilization projects in Jiangyin City continues to be difficult. [Conclusion] This study proposes targeted countermeasures to support the management and protection of rivers and lakes in Jiangyin City, including improving coordination among plans, continuously enhancing the efficiency of shoreline utilization, and strengthening process supervision of shoreline utilization projects. Accordingly, the shoreline protection and utilization planning in Jiangyin City can serve as a representative reference for the other seven cities along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province. Meanwhile, the planning review and evaluation study represents an innovative approach for river and lake management in the Yangtze River Basin. At the beginning of the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the study can also serve as a summative evaluation example for other special water conservancy plans from the 14th Five-Year Plan period, as well as a reference for planning during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.