重庆市郊璧山至铜梁线铁路的控制性工程云雾山隧道斜井施工中遇突涌水状况。为准确识别涌水原因、制定有效的堵排水防治措施，在充分研究区域工程地质、水文地质特征和斜井隧道涌水特征的基础上，查明了区域地下水类型主要包括红层裂隙水、碎屑岩孔隙裂隙水和碳酸盐岩岩溶水，分析了斜井涌水可能的来源为地表水渗漏及基岩裂隙水、煤矿采空区积水、导水断层突水和岩溶水涌出。结合现场调查、物理监测法、化学示踪法进行多因素多方法综合分析，识别出此次斜井涌水源于隔水页岩层间砂岩地层中的承压裂隙水及库水经断层导水补给。研究成果可为类似隧道工程涌突水预测和水源识别提供参考。

[Objective] The Bishan-Tongliang Line is an east-west municipal express railway in the suburbs of Chongqing， aimed at promoting rapid development in the western Chongqing area. During the construction of the Yunwu Mountain Tunnel—a critical control project—a sudden water inrush occurred in the adit. This study aims to accurately identify the causes of the water inrush， providing a scientific basis and technical support for waterproofing measures during construction and the identification of water inrush sources in similar tunnel projects. [Method] Taking the water inrush in this tunnel as a case study， potential water-conducting channels were analyzed based on a comprehensive review of regional engineering geology， hydrogeological characteristics， and the features of the adit water inrush. Through laboratory and field tests， as well as physical and chemical analysis methods， the differences and correlations between water samples from regional aquifer channels and the inrush water were investigated to achieve accurate and efficient identification of the water inrush source. [Result] The regional groundwater primarily consists of red bed fissure water， detrital rock pore-fissure water， and carbonate karst water. Potential sources of the adit water inrush include surface water leakage， bedrock fissure water， water accumulated in mined-out coal areas， water inrush from water-conducting faults， and karst water. Through a comprehensive multi-factor analysis combining field investigations， physical methods， and chemical methods， it was identified that the water inrush originated from confined fissure water in sandstone strata interbedded within impermeable shale， supplemented by reservoir water recharged through water-conducting faults. [Conclusion] This study provides a universal methodology for identifying water inrush sources in tunnel engineering under complex geological conditions. This approach involves predicting potential water inrush factors by integrating regional engineering and hydrogeological characteristics， followed by systematic investigation and comparative analysis of each factor using field surveys， physical methods， and chemical methods to accurately and effectively identify the source of tunnel water inrush.