心墙堆石坝和面板堆石坝等土石坝坝基灌浆受盖重薄、爆破卸荷、岩体软弱等因素影响,灌浆过程中抬动、劈裂和外漏严重,导致升压灌注和质量保证困难,甚至影响水库正常蓄水。针对建基岩体选择、基础灌浆廊道布置、灌浆孔布置、灌浆与检查压力等关键设计问题进行分析,并结合规范规定和工程实践对灌浆方法、外漏处理、阻塞器选择、抬动控制与升压方式等关键施工工艺和参数进行探讨,提出的帷幕灌浆压力与检查压力确定方法、外漏系统封堵+随机封堵、阻塞器选择原则、基于P与Q关系的“固步升压”灌浆控制等,可供同类工程坝基灌浆参考。
Abstract
The grouting process for the foundation of earth-rock dams, including core wall rockfill dams and panel rockfill dams, is influenced by various factors such as limited cover depth, blasting operations, unloading processes, and the presence of weak rock formations. These factors often lead to challenges such as significant uplift, fracturing, and seepage during grouting operations, posing difficulties in achieving effective injection and ensuring quality, consequently jeopardizing the reservoir's normal water storage. We analyzed the key design issues such as the selection of foundation rock mass, layout of grouting corridors, arrangement of grouting holes, determination of grouting and inspection pressures. Furthermore, on the basis of specifications and engineering practice, we discussed the grouting methodologies, methods for managing external seepage, selection of blocking devices, control of uplift, and pressure augmentation strategies. Finally, we propose the method of determining curtain grouting pressure and inspection pressure, the systematic sealing and ramdom sealing for leakage, the criteria for selecting blocking devices, and the grouting control based on P-Q relation to offer reference for similar dam foundation grouting.
关键词
土石坝 /
灌浆设计 /
施工关键技术 /
盖重 /
抬动控制 /
帷幕灌浆压力
Key words
earth-rock dams /
grouting design /
construction key technology /
cover weight /
lifting control /
curtain grouting pressure
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基金
长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司科研项目(CX2020Z08)
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