砾石作用下松散红壤堆积体坡面产流产沙特征

芮茂刚; 周彦辰; 陶余铨; 谢淑彦; 薛杨

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20230683

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长江科学院院报 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4) : 70-77. DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20230683

水土保持与生态修复

砾石作用下松散红壤堆积体坡面产流产沙特征

芮茂刚¹, 周彦辰^1,2, 陶余铨¹, 谢淑彦¹, 薛杨¹

作者信息 +

Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield on Loose Red Soil Accumulation Slope under Gravel Action

RUI Mao-gang¹, ZHOU Yan-chen^1,2, TAO Yu-quan¹, XIE Shu-yan¹, XUE Yang¹

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文章历史 +

摘要

为了探究松散红壤工程堆积体在不同降雨条件下的径流产沙特性,基于野外调查统计结果构建堆积体试验槽模型,通过模拟降雨试验研究不同降雨强度下纯土和20%砾石含量堆积体的径流产沙的差异。结果表明:①砾石作用延缓堆积体坡面径流发生时间的平均滞后效益为299.56%;2种堆积体径流率随产流历时呈递增变化,随降雨强度增大,平均径流率递增34.48%~244.83%,土石混合堆积体平均径流率相较于纯土减少6.54%~45.83%,平均流速减少13.76%~30.54%。②降雨强度≤1.5 mm/min时堆积体侵蚀速率随产流历时总体缓慢递增或趋于稳定,土石混合堆积体平均侵蚀速率比纯土减少80.39%~84.95%;但在强降雨条件下(2.0 mm/min)纯土堆积体侵蚀速率呈快速增大后递减变化,土石混合堆积体侵蚀速率波动递增,且土石混合堆积体平均侵蚀速率比纯土增大20.04%。③降雨强度和砾石均会改变堆积体坡面径流产沙和流速,差异显著(P＜0.05)且呈“水大沙多”的特点。研究结果可为堆积体水土流失防治措施布设提供指导,为建立工程堆积体土壤侵蚀预测模型提供基础数据。

Abstract

This study aims to explore the runoff and sediment yield characteristics on loose engineering accumulations under different rainfall conditions. Based on field investigations, we developed models of accumulation test tanks for simulated rainfall experiments to examine the runoff and sediment yield disparities between pure accumulation and accumulation with 20% gravel content under varied rainfall conditions. The findings revealed the following: 1) Gravel effectively delayed runoff initiation on accumulation slopes, exhibiting an average delay benefit of 299.56%. Throughout the rainfall process, both pure and mixed soil and gravel accumulations demonstrated a similar increasing trend in runoff rate with prolonged runoff generation duration. The average runoff rate escalated by 34.48%-244.83% with rising rainfall intensity. In comparison to pure accumulation, mixed soil and gravel accumulation displayed a decrease in average runoff rate by 6.54%-45.83%, along with a reduction in average flow velocity by 13.76%-30.54%. 2) The erosion rate of both pure and mixed soil and gravel accumulations generally exhibited a gradual increase or tended to stabilize with runoff generation duration under rainfall intensities below 1.5 mm/min. The average erosion rate of mixed soil and gravel accumulation was 80.39%-84.95% lower than that of pure accumulation. However, under heavy rainfall conditions (2.0 mm/min), the erosion rate of pure soil accumulation experienced rapid escalation followed by a decline, while that of mixed soil and gravel accumulation increased in a fluctuating manner, with the average erosion rate 20.04% higher than the former. 3) Both rainfall intensity and gravel content significantly influenced runoff, sediment yield, and flow velocity on accumulation slopes, indicating notable differences overall (P<0.05). The overall trend displayed an increase in both water and sediment. These results offer scientific guidance for implementing measures against soil erosion in production and construction projects involving accumulations, and provide fundamental data for establishing soil erosion prediction models for accumulation engineering.

导出引用

芮茂刚, 周彦辰, 陶余铨, 谢淑彦, 薛杨. 砾石作用下松散红壤堆积体坡面产流产沙特征[J]. 长江科学院院报. 2024, 41(4): 70-77 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20230683

RUI Mao-gang, ZHOU Yan-chen, TAO Yu-quan, XIE Shu-yan, XUE Yang. Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield on Loose Red Soil Accumulation Slope under Gravel Action[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute. 2024, 41(4): 70-77 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20230683

中图分类号： S157.1

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