堆石料是土石坝的主要填筑材料,其蠕变特性直接决定着土石坝工后变形的大小。对两河口水电站砾石土心墙堆石坝的两种筑坝堆石料,开展室内大型三轴蠕变试验,结果表明:①在低应力水平下,试验侧向应变为正;在高应力水平下,试验侧向应变为负;②采用幂函数外推30 a对应的试验值,将其作为堆石料蠕变试验的极限应变,所得剩余蠕变与时间呈良好的幂函数关系;③最终剪切蠕变与剪应力呈倍数关系,轴向蠕变衰减幂指数与剪切蠕变衰减幂指数基本相等,最终轴向蠕变是最终剪切蠕变的1.5倍。最后,提出了更简洁的两参数幂函数蠕变模型,模型参数物理含义明确,便于在工程中使用。研究可为土石坝工后变形的初步估算提供参考。
Abstract
Rockfill is the primary filling material for earth-rock dams, and its creep characteristics directly influence the magnitude of dam deformation after construction. We conducted indoor large-scale triaxial creep tests on two types of rockfill materials used in the gravel core wall of Lianghekou Hydropower Station. The findings are summarized as follows: 1) under low stress levels, the lateral strain exhibited positive values, whereas under high stress levels, the lateral strain became negative. 2) The test values at 30-year age extrapolated by using power function was utilized as the limit strain value for rockfill creep tests. Subsequently, the obtained residue creep demonstrated a robust power function relationship with time. 3) The final shear creep demonstrated a multiple relationship with shear stress, with the axial creep attenuation power index and shear creep attenuation power index being nearly equal. Moreover, the final axial creep was 1.5 times that of the final shear creep. Ultimately, we proposed a concise two-parameter power function creep model which features clear physical interpretations of model parameters and is highly practical for engineering applications. The findings provide valuable insights for the preliminary estimation of deformation following the construction of earth-rock dams.
关键词
高应力状态 /
剩余蠕变 /
最终剪切蠕变模量 /
衰减幂指数
Key words
high stress state /
residue creep /
final shear creep modulus /
attenuation power index
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参考文献
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51979010);国家自然科学基金-联合基金重点项目(U1765203,U21A20158);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2021484/YT)
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