在综述国内外城市地下空间水灾害状况和防灾研究现状的基础上,梳理了研究成果及案例分析,将城市地下空间遭受的水灾害性状归纳为两大类型问题:一类为地表洪涝灾害导致的地下空间水淹灾害,另一类为工程活动或周边水环境特征变化导致的水灾害。解析了城市地下空间内、外部水灾害环境关联响应关系。基于城市地下空间水灾害分布的复杂性,从灾害成因的关键要素和耦合响应关系入手,总结了当前国内城市地下空间水灾害防治存在的一些共性科学难题和技术瓶颈,多目标多层面分解地下空间水灾害防治科学问题和关键技术路线,系统性提出了应该重视和加强研究的若干科技问题及解决路径。并从科学问题、关键技术和解决措施三方面展望城市地下空间水灾害防治领域的科技发展。
Abstract
In this paper, we summarize domestic and foreign research findings and case analyses on water disasters and disaster prevention in urban underground space, following a review of the existing research status. We categorize the characteristics of water disasters in urban underground space into two types: those resulting from surface flood disasters and those caused by engineering activities or changes in surrounding water environment characteristics. The interplay and responses of water disaster environments inside and outside urban underground spaces are analyzed. To address the complexity of water disaster distribution in urban underground space, we identify common scientific challenges and technical bottlenecks in domestic water disaster prevention and control in urban underground space by examining the key factors of disaster causes and the coupling response relationship. Furthermore, taking a multi-objective and multi-level approach, we analyze the key scientific problems and technical routes for water disaster prevention and control in underground space. Emphasizing the need for systematic consideration, we also propose solutions to highlighted scientific and technological problems that require focus and reinforcement. Additionally, we outline the development prospects of water disaster prevention in urban underground space from three perspectives: scientific problems, key technologies, and solutions.
关键词
洪涝灾害 /
水灾害防治 /
城市地下空间 /
地下轨道交通
Key words
flood disaster /
water disaster prevention and control /
urban underground space /
underground rail transit
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基金
上海市水务局科研项目(沪水科2023-02)
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