为研究浆液在盾尾间隙中的扩散机理,提出了一种基于透明土技术开展壁后注浆扩散效果评估的可视化试验方法。首先通过理论推导,得出模型试验各物理参数的相似比尺,从而自行设计可视化试验装置;随后研制与透明土折射率一致的透明浆液,之后为验证浆液的适用性,利用制备的透明土和透明浆液开展预注浆试验;最后依托自行设计的试验装置,开展了针对隧道埋深、注浆压力、土层性质3种不同因素的敏感性分析。结果表明:透明浆液流变曲线符合宾汉姆流体特征,扩散形态与实际浆液较为相似;隧道埋深越大,浆液压力速度越快,距隧道中轴线有限距离内的地表沉降越小,并且分布离散程度越低;随着注浆压力的增加,注浆率增幅减小;浆液在级配不良的土层中更容易渗透扩散。
Abstract
To investigate the grout diffusion mechanism in shield tail clearance, we propose a visualized test method to assess the backfill grouting’s diffusion effect using transparent soil technology. Firstly, by deriving theoretical relationships, we determined the similarity scale for each physical parameter in the model test and designed the visualized test apparatus. Next, we developed transparent slurry with a refractive index matching that of transparent soil. To gauge the adaptability of the transparent slurry, we conducted a pre-grouting test using the prepared transparent soil and slurry. Subsequently, employing our self-designed test device, we performed sensitivity analysis on three factors: tunnel depth, grouting pressure, and soil properties. The results indicate that the rheological curve of the transparent slurry conforms to that of Bingham fluid, mimicking the actual slurry diffusion pattern. Deeper tunnel burying leads to faster dissipation of slurry pressure, reduced surface settlement value within a limited distance from the tunnel axis, and less dispersion. Increasing grouting pressure leads to a decreasing grouting rate increment, facilitating easier penetration and diffusion of the slurry in poorly graded soil layers.
关键词
隧道工程 /
壁后注浆 /
透明土技术 /
渗透相似 /
浆液扩散 /
Peck公式
Key words
tunnelling engineering /
backfill grouting /
transparent soil technique /
penetration similarity /
slurry diffusion /
Peck’s equation
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基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1510800);城市基础设施智能化浙江省工程研究中心开放基金项目(IUI2022-ZD-02)
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