基于GLDAS-Noah水文模型,模拟长江流域蓝绿水资源量,并揭示其时空变化特征。结果表明:2000—2019年长江流域多年平均蓝水资源和绿水资源分别为420.24 mm和686.95 mm,绿水资源约是蓝水资源的1.62倍。近20 a来长江流域蓝水资源、绿水资源和绿水系数呈不显著增加趋势,2000—2019年蓝水资源与绿水资源变化速率分别为3.26 mm/a 和2.27 mm/a。从年内分配上看,蓝绿水资源在7—8月份较多,占全年的29%~32%;在1 —2月份较少,占全年的5%~6%。从空间分布来看,蓝水资源呈现东南高西北低的分布格局,绿水资源呈现东高西低的分布格局,而绿水系数呈现西北高东南低的分布格局。科学全面评价蓝绿水资源可以为优化水资源利用模式、提高水资源利用效率提供科学依据。
Abstract
The blue and green water resources in the Yangtze River basin (YRB) were simulated by using the GLDAS (Global Land Data Assignment System) Noah hydrological model,and then the distribution of blue and green water resources and their temporal and spatial changes were revealed. Results demonstrate that from 2000 to 2019,the multi-year average blue water resource and green water resource in YRB was 420.24 mm and 686.95 mm,respectively,and the latter was about 1.62 times of the former. Over the past two decades,the blue water resource,green water resource and green water coefficient in the YRB showed insignificant increasing trends,and in particular,the change rate of blue water resource and green water resource was 3.26 mm/a and 2.27 mm/a during 2000-2019,respectively. On monthly scale,the blue and green water resources expanded in July and August,accounting for 29%-32% of the whole year,while shrank in January and February,accounting for 5%-6% of the whole year. On spatial scale,blue water resource distributed in a pattern of higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest,while green water resource higher in the east and lower in the west,and green water coefficient higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast. Scientific and comprehensive evaluation of blue and green water resources can provide scientific basis for optimizing water resources utilization mode and improving water resources utilization efficiency.
关键词
蓝水资源 /
绿水资源 /
GLDAS-NOAH水文模型 /
长江流域 /
时空变化特征
Key words
blue water resources /
green water resources /
GLDAS-NOAH hydrological model /
Yangtze River Basin /
Spatiotemporal variation characteristic
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] FALKENMARK M. The New Blue and Green Water Paradigm: Breaking New Ground for Water Resources Planning and Management[J]. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2006, 132(3): 129-132.
[2] 吕乐婷,王晓蕊,江 源,等.基于SWAT模型的东江流域蓝水、绿水时空分布特征研究[J].水资源保护, 2017,33(5):53-60.
[3] 张 洋,邓 玉,倪福全,等.基于SWAT模型分析岷沱江流域蓝/绿水资源量的时空变化特征[J].中国农业气象, 2020,41(6):345-356.
[4] 甄婷婷,徐宗学,程 磊,等.蓝水绿水资源量估算方法及时空分布规律研究:以卢氏流域为例[J].资源科学, 2010,32(6):1177-1183.
[5] SCHUOL J,ABBASPOUR K C,YANG Hong,et al. Modeling Blue and Green Water Availability in Africa[J]. Doi:10.1029/2007WR006609.
[6] 张为彬,查小春,马玉改.1961—2010年黄河源区蓝绿水资源时空变化[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(6):338-343.
[7] 程国栋,赵文智.绿水及其研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(3):221-227.
[8] ZHANG R, WANG L. Characteristics of Green and Blue Water Flow of Hydrological Landscapes of Upper Heihe in Northwest China[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing, 2020, 1637(1): 012074.
[9] 左德鹏,徐宗学.基于SWAT模型和SUFI-2算法的渭河流域月径流分布式模拟[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,48(5):490-496.
[10] HANASAKI N, INUZUKA T, KANAE S, et al. An Estimation of Global Virtual Water Flow and Sources of Water Withdrawal for Major Crops and Livestock Products Using a Global Hydrological Model[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2009, 384(3): 232-244.
[11] 刘昌明,李艳忠,刘小莽,等.黄河中游植被变化对水量转化的影响分析[J].人民黄河,2016,38(10):7-12.
[12] CHEN Cui, HAGEMANN S, LIU Jun-guo. Assessment of Impact of Climate Change on the Blue and Green Water Resources in Large River Basins in China[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2015, 74(8): 6381-6394.
[13] 李佳佳,贺新光,胡 思.长江流域月降水的多尺度随机特征及其分区[J].长江流域资源与环境,2021,30(1):111-121.
[14] 陈阿娇,贺新光,秦建新,等.长江流域近51a来日降水时空变异的多尺度特征[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016, 25(5):794-803.
[15] 詹明月,王国杰,陆 姣,等.基于CMIP6多模式的长江流域蒸散发预估及影响因素[J].大气科学学报,2020,43 (6):1115-1126.
[16] 王 文,崔 巍,王 鹏.GLDAS Noah模型水文产品与中国地面观测及卫星观测数据的对比[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(5):1-6.
[17] 刘君龙,袁 喆,许继军,等.长江流域气象干旱演变特征及未来变化趋势预估[J].长江科学院院报,2020,37(10):28-36.
[18] 杨 阳,唐晓岚,李哲惠,等.长江流域土地利用景观格局时空演变及驱动因子:以2008—2018年为例[J].西北林学院学报,2021,36(2):220-230.
[19] 冯 畅,毛德华,杨 柳,等.绿水资源研究进展及评述[J].中国农业资源与区划,2020,41(1):173-184.
[20] 赵安周,赵玉玲,刘宪锋,等.气候变化和人类活动对渭河流域蓝水绿水影响研究[J].地理科学,2016,36(4):571-579.
[21] 臧传富.黑河流域蓝绿水时空变化研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2013.
[22] 吕乐婷,王晓蕊,孙才志,等.基于SWAT模型的细河流域蓝水绿水资源量时空分布研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2019,28(1):39-47.
[23] QU S, WANG L, LIN A,et al. Distinguishing the Impacts of Climate Change and Anthropogenic Factors on Vegetation Dynamics in the Yangtze River Basin, China[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2020, 108: 105724.
[24] 孙占东,黄 群.长江流域土地利用/覆被变化的大尺度水文效应[J].长江流域资源与环境,2019,28(11):2703-2710.
[25] 张平仓,程冬兵.长江流域水土流失治理方略探讨[J].人民长江,2020,51(1):120-123.
[26] YU D Y, SHI P J, HAN G Y, et al. Forest Ecosystem Restoration Due to a National Conservation Plan in China[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2011, 37(9): 1387-1397.
[27] KONG Ling-qiao, ZHENG Hua, RAO En-ming, et al. Evaluating Indirect and Direct Effects of Eco-restoration Policy on Soil Conservation Service in Yangtze River Basin[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 631/632: 887-894.
[28] 黄晨璐.祖厉河流域水沙演变规律及其成因分析[J].水文,2021,41(2):101-108.
[29] 王一峰,李建明.长江中上游地区坡耕地土壤抗剪强度特征[J].中国水土保持,2019,453(12):78-82.
[30] 刘祖英,王 兵,赵雨森,等.长江中上游地区退耕还林成效监测与评价[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(8):2463-2469.
[31] 张小林.水土保持建设助力长江流域生态环境改善和人民安居乐业[J].水利水电快报,2020,41(2):71-76.
[32] 郭文献,豆高飞,王鸿翔,等.近60年来降水与人类活动对长江中下游泥沙情势影响定量评价[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2021,29(1):39-54.
[33] 张冠华,丁文峰,王一峰,等.2000年以来长江流域水沙情势变化及成因分析[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(3):98-104.
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0601503);国家自然科学基金项目(41890821, 52079008,52079103)
PDF(63525 KB)
