水力旋流器是砂石加工废水预处理环节的重要设备,其性能直接关系到整个废水处理系统的成败。目前,水力旋流器的运行管理主要是经验性的。为揭示进口压力、进料浓度等操作参数和旋流器规格等关键因素对预处理效果的定量影响,以直径250 mm和150 mm 2种原型规格水力旋流器为对象,开展不同影响参数下砂石废水分离效果试验研究。结果表明:进口压力达到约 0.10 MPa后,进一步增加进口压力,底流产率增加缓慢;进口浓度增加,底流产率反而下降;直径250 mm底流产率低于通常设计值,是部分废水处理工艺运行不畅的原因;直径150 mm旋流器浓缩效果较差,底流浓度低于后续高频脱水筛的入筛浓度要求,这2种直径的旋流器均不推荐单独采用。采用直径200 mm旋流器或将直径250 mm与150 mm并联运行的方式可以解决现有砂石废水预处理环节中存在的问题。研究成果可为砂石加工废水处理工艺预处理环节的设计和运行提供借鉴。

Hydrocyclone is a crucial device of waste water treatment in aggregate processing for hydropower projects. The separation efficiency of hydrocyclone determines the success of the whole processing system. To date,the operational parameters of hydrocyclone are empirical. To quantify the impact of inlet pressure and concentration as well as hydrocyclone parameters on separation efficiency,we carried out test on the separation efficiency of hydrocyclone with a diameter of 250 mm and 150 mm,respectively. Results demonstrated that the rising of inlet pressure cannot further obviously increase the production rate of underflow as it reached 0.1 MPa. As inlet concentration increased,the production rate of underflow decreased. Hydrocyclone with a diameter of 250 mm or 150 mm is not recommended to be used alone as the former has a production rate lower than design value,which results in unsatisfactory performance of some processing techniques,and the latter has a concentration of underflow lower than the requirement for the next dehydrate process. We recommend to use hydrocyclone with a diameter of 200 mm alone,or a diameter of 250 mm and 150 mm in parallel running. The research findings offer experience for the design and operation of waste treatment in aggregate processing.