为细化流域-区域耦合的用水总量指标及优化供水方式,基于流域用水总量红线与区域用水总量红线的共同约束,建立了耦合供给侧和需求侧用水总量红线的多水源多目标水资源系统供水优化模型,并应用于浏阳河-捞刀河流域,分析不同水源分配到不同行政区的最优供水方案以及最大供水量。现状年浏阳河-捞刀河流域存在一定的过度供水或供水不足;供水优化模型压缩了两流域平水年和丰水年的超红线供水,提高了枯水年和特枯年供水量;两流域规划特枯年比现状特枯年的缺水率降低了11.63%。这表明供水优化模型能较好地优化流域供水方式,确定不同频率年流域耦合区域的用水总量细化指标,相关成果可为用水总量控制的过程监管及超标预警提供有效技术支持。

To refine the indicators of total water use and to optimize the water supply pattern for watershed-district coupling area, we built a water allocation optimization model with multiple water sources and multiple targets under the common constraints of the water usage red lines of watersheds and districts. We applied the model to Liuyang-Laodao River Basin to analyze the optimal scheme and the maximum volume of water supply from different water sources to different districts. Results reveal an excessive or insufficient water supply in Liuyang-Laodao River Basin in current years. The optimal water supply model compresses the water usage exceeding the red line in both normal and wet years and increases the water supply in both drought and extremely drought years. The water shortage rate of the Liuyang-Laodao River Basin in planning extremely drought years is 11.63% lower than that in current extremely drought years, which indicates that the optimal water supply model can optimize the patterns of water supply and determine the refined indicators of total water use in coupled watersheds and districts for years of different inflow frequencies. The results offer effective technical support for the monitoring of control process and the early warning of excessive total water usage.