对湖北省咸宁市某水库淤积物的富营养化和重金属元素进行了取样调查与分析,采用地质累积指数和潜在生态危害指数对淤积物中的重金属污染状况和生态风险进行评价。富营养元素的检测结果显示,总氮和总磷含量的分布大体呈现上游高下游低的趋势,淤泥试样的总氮和总磷含量明显高于砂样。重金属元素的检测结果显示,除含铅量外,上游区域的重金属元素含量明显高于下游区域。地质累积指数评价结果显示,咸宁市某水库中的Cd、Cu、Hg、Cr、As的污染程度主要集中处于无污染区域,而Pb的污染程度集中处于无污染-中度污染区域。潜在生态危害指数法的评价结果显示,咸宁市某水库中的重金属元素生态风险水平均较低,S7试样的潜在生态危害风险相对更大。围绕咸宁市某水库淤积泥、砂的资源化利用问题,提出了可用于农用土壤、工程建设用地、环境修复材料、路基填料以及建筑原材料等资源化利用途径。
Abstract
By sampling and analyzing the eutrophic elements and heavy metals in the sediments of a reservoir in Xianning City, Hubei Province, we evaluated the pollution status and ecological risk of heavy metals in the sediments according to geological accumulation index and potential ecological hazard index. The results of eutrophic elements detection showed that the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus upstream was higher than that of downstream; content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in mud was markedly higher than that in sand. The results of heavy metals detection showed that except for lead, the content of other heavy metals upstream was significantly higher than that downstream. In terms of geological accumulation index, the pollution levels of Cd, Cu, Hg, Cr and As in the reservoir were mainly pollution-free, while the pollution levels of Pb were mainly from pollution-free to moderate pollution. According to the potential ecological hazard index, the ecological risk of heavy metals in the reservoir was relatively low. Compared with other samples, S7 had a greater potential ecological risk. In addition, the approaches of using mud and sand in reservoir to agricultural soil, construction land, raw materials of functional materials, roadbed fillers and construction raw materials were proposed.
关键词
淤积物 /
富营养化 /
资源化利用 /
重金属元素 /
地质累积指数 /
潜在生态危害指数 /
咸宁市某水库
Key words
sediments /
eutrophication /
resource utilization /
heavy metals /
geological accumulation index /
potential ecological hazard index /
reservoir in Xianning City
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51979011,51779011);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2019407,CKSF2021483,CKSF2021430)
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