现场原位变形试验能准确获取岩体的变形模量,是评价岩体灌浆加固效果的有效方法。我国西南山区山高谷深、地形险要,复杂的地形和气候条件使得在边坡表面开展原位变形试验极为困难。为此提出了高陡边坡原位变形试验与测量方法,分析了应力传递深度对变形试验结果的影响和温度变化引起的变形测量误差的计算公式。以某水电站高边坡为例,选择含平行结构面的不同质量岩体,对其灌浆前、灌浆后及强化灌浆后的变形模量进行测试,得到结论如下:①固结灌浆对高质量岩体变形模量的提高效果不明显,而低质量岩体在灌浆后、强化灌浆后变形模量可分别提高22%和38%;②结构面充填胶结后,会对两侧岩块变形起到约束作用,类似增加中间主应力提高岩体变形模量的效果,沿结构面走向方向的岩体变形模量也会明显提升。
Abstract
In-situ deformation test is an effective means of evaluating the grouting effect of rock mass as it acquires the deformation modulus of rock mass accurately. In the southwestern region of China where the mountains are high and steep and the terrain is dangerous, the complicated terrain and climatic conditions make it difficult to carry out in-situ deformation tests on slope surface. In view of this, we present a method of in-situ deformation test and measurement for high and steep slopes. We analyzed the influence of stress transmission depth on deformation test results, and proposed a calculation formula of deformation measurement error caused by changes in temperature. Take the high slope of a hydropower project as an example, we selected different rock masses with parallel structural planes and tested their deformation moduli before grouting, after grouting and after enhanced grouting. Our findings revealed that 1) consolidation grouting had no significant improving effect on the deformation modulus of high-quality rock mass, while the deformation modulus of low-quality rock mass increased by 22% and 38% after grouting and enhanced grouting, respectively; 2) filling and cementing the structural plane played a restraining role on the deformation of the rock mass on both sides, similar to the effect of increasing the intermediate principal stress on the deformation modulus; the deformation modulus of the rock mass along the direction of the structural plane will also be significantly improved.
关键词
岩体 /
结构面 /
灌浆 /
变形模量 /
声波波速 /
高陡边坡
Key words
rock mass /
structural plane /
grouting /
deformation modulus /
sonic velocity /
high and steep slope
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41702319);2019年国家重大科研仪器研制项目(5192780108);中央级公益性科研机构基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2019477/YT)
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