长江科学院院报 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 19-24.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20200549

• 河湖保护与治理 • 上一篇    下一篇

洞庭湖区三口水系生态基流研究

李凯轩1, 李志威1,2, 胡旭跃1,2, 陈帮1, 王赞成3   

  1. 1.长沙理工大学 水利工程学院,长沙 410114;
    2.长沙理工大学 洞庭湖水环境治理与水生态修复湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410114;
    3.湖南百舸水利建设股份有限公司,长沙 410007
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-15 修回日期:2020-09-11 发布日期:2021-08-06
  • 通讯作者: 李志威(1984-),男,湖北云梦人,副研究员,博士,主要从事河流动力学研究。E-mail:lizw2003@whu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李凯轩(1996-),男,湖南耒阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事河流生态学研究。E-mail:744964690@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省科技重大专项(2018SK1010);湖南省教育厅重点项目(19A017);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ3036);长沙理工大学研究生“实践创新与创业能力提升计划”项目(SJCX201938)

Ecological Base Flow of Three Major Outlets Rivers of the Middle Yangtze River into the Dongting Lake Area

LI Kai-xuan1, LI Zhi-wei1,2, HU Xu-yue1,2, CHEN Bang1, WANG Zan-cheng3   

  1. 1. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;
    2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-environmental Control and Restoration,Changsha 410114, China;
    3. Hunan Bestall Water Conservancy Construction, Co., Ltd., Changsha 410007, China
  • Received:2020-06-15 Revised:2020-09-11 Online:2021-08-06

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摘要： 近年来大型水利工程的建设与运行、洞庭湖区三口水系分流量的持续减少和三口水系地区水资源的不合理利用,导致三口水系的生态流量严重不足。基于洞庭湖区三口水系的主要水文站2003—2018年逐日平均流量和1973—2002年逐月平均流量数据,提出一种综合考虑不同水文学法的生态基流确定方法,得出逐月和全年的生态基流推荐值,并分析其保证率和影响因素。结果表明:新江口站、沙道观站、弥陀寺站、康家岗站和管家铺站的全年生态基流分别为208.18、49.44、75.39、2.52、93.94 m3/s,全年生态基流保证率分别为84.83%、37.52%、51.88%、21.84%、42.60%;各水文站汛期的生态基流最高值均出现在7月份,8月份、9月份和6月份依次递减,汛期的生态基流及其保证率明显高于非汛期。研究提出的方法和计算结果可为洞庭湖区三口水系的水生态修复提供参考。

关键词: 洞庭湖区, 三口水系, 生态基流, 水文学法, 保证率

Abstract: In recent years, the ecological flow in the three outlets rivers of the middle Yangtze River into Dongting Lake area is in severe shortage due to the construction and operation of large hydropower projects, the continuous reduction of diversion discharge of the three major outlets rivers, and the unreasonable utilization of water resources. We propose a method to determine the ecological basic flow by comprehensively considering the calculated results of different hydrological methods based on daily discharge data of main hydrological stations from 2003 to 2018 and monthly average discharge from 1973 to 2002 in the three major outlets rivers. We further obtain the recommended values of annual and monthly ecological basic discharge and analyze the guarantee rate and influence factors. Results demonstrate that the annual ecological base flow at Xinjiangkou, Shadaoguan, Mituosi, Kangjiagang and Guanjiapu hydrological stations is 208.18 m3/s, 49.44 m3/s, 75.39 m3/s, 2.52 m3/s and 93.94 m3/s, respectively, and their corrsponding guarantee rate of ecological base flow is 84.83%, 37.52%, 51.88%, 21.84% and 42.60%, respectively. The highest monthly ecological base flow of all hydrological station appears in July, and decreases in August, September, and June in turn. The ecological base flow and its guarantee rate in flood seasons are significantly higher than those in non-flood seasons. The proposed method and calculated results could be taken as reference for aquatic ecological restoration in the Dongting Lake area.

Key words: Dongting Lake area, three major outlets river, ecological basic flow, hydrologic method, guarantee rate

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