为研究岩体爆破载荷作用下炮孔及边坡潜在滑动面近区的损伤特性,利用有限元强度折减法确定静载下边坡的折减滑动面,并基于此建立边坡的弹塑性本构模型进行数值模拟。将数值模拟结果与经典判据进行比较分析,确定不同损伤速度阈值下对应的爆心距及岩体破碎状态。同时基于边坡爆破数值模拟结果,探究有潜在滑动面的边坡岩体爆破时损伤、爆心距、质点峰值振动速度(vPP)及岩石动态抗拉强度之间的关系,并分别通过经典判据、最大拉应力准则的vPP判据和拉应力峰值与vPP统计关系得到3个vPP阈值,发现最大拉应力准则的vPP判据获得的损伤阈值误差最大。此关系在实际工程中可对已有的基于最大拉应力准则的vPP判据作出修正。
Abstract
To study the damage characteristics of blast hole and the adjacent area of potential sliding surface of slope under blasting load, we determined the reduction sliding surfaces of slope under static load by FEM strength reduction method and thus established an elastoplastic constitutive model of slope for numerical simulation. By comparing the numerical simulation results with classical criteria, we determined the blast center distance and rock fragmentation status corresponding to different damage velocity thresholds, and further investigated the relations between damage, blast center distance, peak particle velocity (vPP), and dynamic tensile strength of rock during the blasting of rock mass on the potential sliding surface. In line with the classical vPP criterion, the vPP criterion of maximum tensile stress, and the statistical relation between peak tensile stress and vPP, we acquired three vPP thresholds and found that the error obtained by the criterion of maximum tensile stress was the largest. The research findings can be used to modify existing vPP criteria based on the maximum tensile stress criterion in actual engineering.
关键词
岩体损伤特性 /
弹塑性本构模型 /
有限元强度折减 /
岩体爆破 /
损伤判据 /
质点峰值振动速度 /
临界损伤质点峰值速度
Key words
damage characteristics /
elastoplastic constitutive model /
FEM strength reduction /
rock mass blasting /
damage criterion /
particle peak velocity /
critical damage vPP
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] LI P, LU W B, WU X X, et al. Spectral Prediction and Control of Blast Vibrations during the Excavation of High Dam Abutment Slopes with Millisecond-Delay Blasting[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2017, 94: 116-124.
[2] 马 冲, 詹红兵, 姚文敏, 等. 爆破振动作用下含软弱夹层边坡稳定性及安全判据[J].爆炸与冲击,2018, 38(3): 563-571.
[3] 严 鹏, 邹玉君, 卢文波, 等. 基于爆破振动监测的岩石边坡开挖损伤区预测[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(3): 538-548.
[4] 杨金旺, 陈 媛, 张 林, 等. 基于地质力学模型试验综合法的顺层岩质高边坡稳定性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(1): 131-140.
[5] 陈 明,郭天阳,卢文波,等.爆破开挖对边坡岩体裂纹扩展的扰动机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(7):1307-1314.
[6] 李源亮, 任光明, 刘艳领, 等. 基于节理网络有限元的岩质边坡稳定性分析[J].长江科学院院报,2019,36(1): 78-83.
[7] 朱传云,卢文波.三峡工程临时船闸与升船机中隔墩爆破安全判据的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1998(4):88-93.
[8] 张国凯,李海波,夏 祥,等.岩石波速与损伤演化规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(11):2270-2277.
[9] SINGH P K, ROY M P. Damage to Surface Structures due to Blast Vibration[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2010, 47(6): 949-961.
[10] LU W, LUO Y, CHEN M, et al. An Introduction to Chinese Safety Regulations for Blasting Vibration[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2012, 67(7): 1951-1959.
[11] 史秀志, 陈 新, 史采星, 等. 基于GEP的爆破峰值速度预测模型[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(10): 95-99.
[12] 胡英国, 卢文波, 陈 明, 等. 岩体爆破近区临界损伤质点峰值震动速度的确定[J].爆炸与冲击,2015,35(4): 547-554.
[13] SILVA J, WORSEY T, LUSK B. Practical Assessment of Rock Damage due to Blasting[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2019, 29(3): 379-385.
[14] 温 韬, 唐辉明, 刘佑荣, 等. 考虑裂纹闭合效应的岩石损伤力学模型及耗散能量分析[J].长江科学院院报,2016,33(5): 69-75.
[15] 钟 权, 冷振东, 彭 峥, 等. 节理岩体隧洞开挖爆破损伤特性及爆破方案研究[J].长江科学院院报,2018,35(2): 89-94.
[16] 刘 亮, 卢文波, 陈 明, 等. 钻爆开挖条件下岩体临界破碎状态的损伤阈值统计研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(6): 1133-1140.
[17] 费鸿禄, 苑俊华. 基于爆破累积损伤的边坡稳定性变化研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增刊2): 3868-3877.
[18] 赵尚毅,郑颖人,张玉芳.有限元强度折减法中边坡失稳的判据探讨[J].岩土力学,2005,26(2): 332-336.
[19] 赵 铮, 陶 钢, 杜长星. 爆轰产物JWL状态方程应用研究[J].高压物理学报, 2009, 23(4):277-282.
[20] 刘优平, 龚 敏, 黄刚海. 深孔爆破装药结构优选数值分析方法及其应用[J].岩土力学,2012,33(6): 1883-1888.
[21] BAUER A, CALDER P N. Open Pit and Blast Seminar,63221[R]. Kingston, Ontario, Canada: Mining Engineering Department, Queens University,1978.
[22] 卢文波, 李海波, 陈 明,等. 水电工程爆破振动安全判据及应用中的几个关键问题[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28(8):1513-1520.
[23] 唐红梅, 周云涛, 廖云平. 地下工程施工爆破围岩损伤分区研究[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(23): 202-206.
[24] LSTC.LS-DYNA Theoretical Manual[M]. Livermore,CA,USA:Livermore Software Technology Corporation,1998.
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51566010);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(B061709)
PDF(4234 KB)
