为实现勘测效果的最优化,从电极排列方式、数据采集、反演解译角度详细介绍了分布式高密度电法的工作原理、方法特点及应用现状。结合工程实例对温纳装置(α)、温纳偶极装置(β)、施伦贝格装置(α2)在岩溶、软夹层、高阻体探测、岩性界面划分及构造探测等方面的探测效果进行对比分析;系统总结和剖析了分布式高密度电法3种常用装置类型在地层探测,低、高阻体精细探测上的优缺点、精准性及适用性,指出应根据探测目的及探测精度,结合地层地质条件开展方法试验,在复杂地形条件下,优选至少2种以上的装置类型开展工作。研究成果对工程勘测中高密度电法装置类型的合理选择有一定的指导意义。

The working principle, characteristics and application status of distributed high-density resistivity method are expounded from perspectives of electrode combination, data collection and inversion interpretation. The detection effects of wenner device (α), wenner-dipole device (β) and schlumberg (α2) in karst, soft interlayer, high-resistivity body, lithological interface division and structural detection were compared and studied with engineering examples. The advantages and disadvantages, accuracy and applicability of three common types of distributed high-density resistivity devices in stratum detection, detailed detection of low and high resistivity bodies are summarized and analyzed systematically. It is necessary to select more than two types of device according to the purpose and precision of the exploration in line with geological conditions.