长江科学院院报 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 51-58.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.201908418

• 水土保持与生态建设 • 上一篇    下一篇

赣江流域1986—2015年降雨侵蚀力时空变化特征

鲁向晖1, 张海娜1,2, 白桦1, 陈章诚3, 李阳1   

  1. 1.南昌工程学院 水利与生态工程学院,南昌 330099;
    2.江西省水土保持科学研究院 江西省土壤侵蚀与防治重点实验室,南昌 330029;
    3.南昌工程学院 瑶湖学院,南昌 330099
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-17 修回日期:2019-09-08 出版日期:2020-10-01 发布日期:2020-10-01
  • 作者简介:鲁向晖(1976-),男,陕西临潼人,副教授,博士,主要从事水土保持和生态恢复方面的研究工作。E-mail:xianghuilu@nit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ151123);江西水利科技计划项目(KT201717)

Spatial and Temporal Variations in Rainfall Erosivity during 1986-2015 in the Ganjiang River Basin

LU Xiang-hui1, ZHANG Hai-na1,2, BAI Hua1, CHEN Zhang-cheng3, LI Yang1   

  1. 1. College of Water and Ecology Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China;
    2. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029, China;
    3. Yaohu Honors College, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China
  • Received:2019-07-17 Revised:2019-09-08 Published:2020-10-01 Online:2020-10-01

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摘要： 降雨侵蚀力反映了降雨引起土壤侵蚀的潜在能力,是评价区域土壤侵蚀风险的重要指标。基于赣江流域及其周边27个气象站点1986—2015年逐日降雨量资料,利用Mann-Kendall法、累积距平法及Kriging插值法,对赣江流域降雨侵蚀力时空变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:赣江流域近30 a降雨侵蚀力的平均值为9 824.55 MJ·mm/(hm2·h),2002年达到最大值13 234.72 MJ·mm/(hm2·h),2003年最小,为6 769.16 MJ·mm/(hm2·h),降雨侵蚀力与降雨量变化过程基本一致,相关系数达到0.965(P<0.01)。赣江流域近30 a降雨侵蚀力总体上表现为不显著的增长趋势,在吉安、井冈山、遂川地区存在一个高值中心,增长趋势明显;赣江流域四季、汛期、非汛期降雨侵蚀力变化趋势均不显著,但高、低值中心不尽相同。研究成果将有助于进一步探讨赣江流域土壤侵蚀的形成以及演替过程、土壤侵蚀危险性评定及制定科学的土壤侵蚀防治措施。

关键词: 降雨侵蚀力, 时空变化, Mann-Kendall趋势分析, 累积距平, 赣江流域

Abstract: Rainfall erosivity is an essential index for soil erosive risk assessment as it reflects the potential of soil erosion driven by rainfall. According to daily rainfall data collected between 1986 and 2015 from 27 rain-gauge stations in the Ganjiang River basin (GRB), we investigated the temporal and spatial variation of rainfall erosivity using Mann-Kendall, accumulative anomaly, and Kriging interpolation. Results showed that average annual rainfall erosivity of the GRB was 9 824.55 MJ·mm/(hm2·h) with the maximum value reaching 13 234.72 MJ·mm/(hm2·h) in 2002 and the minimum value at 6 769.16 MJ·mm/(hm2·h) in 2003. There was a significant linear relationship between rainfall amount and rainfall erosivity, of which the correlation coefficient reached 0.965 (P<0.01). In recent three decades, the annual rainfall erosivity tended to increase insignificantly in majority areas of the GRB, with the high values concentrating in Ji’an, Jinggangshan, and Suichuan, increasing evidently. The trend of rainfall erosivity in seasonal, flood period and non-flood period of the GRB was not significant with their high-value and low-value areas different. The research findings are helpful to further discuss the soil erosion evolution, the assessment of soil erosion risk, and the formulation of reasonable preventive measures in the GRB.

Key words: rainfall erosivity, temporal and spatial variation, Mann-Kendall trend analysis, accumulative anomaly, Ganjiang River Basin

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