入江水道是淮河下游最大的泄洪河道,承担着淮河上中游70%以上的洪水泄入长江。根据1961—2018年大洪水期间的实测资料,利用水位流量法计算分析入江水道的泄洪能力和防洪能力。结果表明:因历史客观条件限制以及4个梯级控制河段整治的难度与复杂性,在不同时期各控制河段的行洪能力呈现各自不同的特点;经过多年持续有效治理,河道行洪能力整体得到提高;由近年来实测资料推算,各控制河段的行洪能力基本达到设计要求。对入江水道行洪能力的分析为淮河下游区的防汛抗洪和降低特大洪水威胁提供借鉴和参考,对区域经济社会又好又快发展具有现实意义。

The watercourse entering the Yangtze river is the largest flood discharge course in the lower Huaihe River, through which more than 70% flood from the upper and middle reaches of the Huaihe River enters the Yangtze River. According to measured data in flood period from 1961 to 2018, the flood discharge capacity and flood control capacity of the watercourse are calculated and analyzed using stage-discharge relation method. Results show that due to the limits of historical objective conditions and the difficulty and complexity of the regulation of four cascade control sections, the flood discharge capacity of each control section in different periods presents varied characteristics respectively. After years of continuous and effective governance, the flood discharge capacity has been improved overall. According to measured data in recent years, the flood discharge capacity of the four cascade control sections has met design requirements in general. The research finding offers reference for flood relief and threat reduction of catastrophic floods in the lower Huaihe River, and is of great practical significance for the sound and rapid development of economy and society in this region.