地下管网、水系等是城市重要的排水体系,直接决定着城市的洪涝安全。以武汉市光谷中心城为研究区域,采用一、二维耦合的水动力数学模型,进行了不同排水体系组合条件下的多方案城市雨洪模拟,量化分析了地下管网、规划水系建设对城市洪涝灾害的消减效果。结果表明:光谷中心城现状未形成成熟排水体系时,其内涝范围、淹没面积及受灾损失均最大,规划排水体系建设后,区域洪涝淹没面积和受灾损失消减率分别达56.58%,63.74%。由于作用范围及作用方式不同,单独建设水系对区域排涝的作用低于单独建设地下管网的作用。对不同土地利用类型比较,住宅用地减灾效果对城市排水体系的建设最为敏感。当下游湖泊水位较高时,湖泊对水系存在顶托作用,其对区域洪涝灾害影响的程度与河道纵向比降、河堤高程,以及地下管网和河道的连接状况有关。
Abstract
As important drainage systems, underground pipe networks and water systems directly determine the flood safety in cities. In this study, 1D and 2D hydrological-hydrodynamic coupled numerical models are applied to simulate urban rainstorm of the Central Optical Valley in Wuhan, China in different schemes of factor combinations, such as with or without pipe networks, water system and so on. The abatement effects of urban underground pipe networks and planned water system construction on urban flood disasters are quantified. Results demonstrate that: in the absence of mature drainage system in the Central Optical Valley, the waterlogging scope, flooded area and disaster loss reach the maximum; in the presence of drainage system, the abatement rates of flooded area and disaster loss reach 56.58% and 63.74%, respectively. Due to different scopes and action modes, the effect of separate construction of water system on regional drainage is smaller than that of separate construction of underground pipe network. Among different land use types, the disaster reduction effect of residential land is the most sensitive to the construction of urban drainage system. When the water level of downstream lake is high, the lake has a backwater jacking effect on the water system. Such influence on urban flood disaster is related to river longitudinal slope, river embankment elevation, linkage between underground pipe networks and river channel.
关键词
排水体系 /
地下管网 /
城市洪涝灾害 /
消减效果 /
湖泊水位
Key words
drainage system /
underground pipeline networks /
urban flood disaster /
abatement effect /
lake level
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基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0407201)
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