U型衬砌渠道具有良好的整体性和冻胀适应性,但在冬季仍极易因土体冻胀而导致破坏。考虑渠基冻土与衬砌接触面冻结的非线性特性和冻土、混凝土材料的塑性特征,建立能分析渠道基土与衬砌间挤压、脱开及滑移等接触力学行为的渠道冻胀破坏热力耦合数值模型。以宝鸡峡灌区塬下北干渠为原型渠道,按照模型是否考虑接触分别进行冻胀数值模拟,并对模拟结果进行对比分析。结果表明:考虑接触的模型模拟结果与原型实测值更相符,更能合理地解释U型渠道冻胀在渠底与阴坡衔接处冻胀量最小;考虑接触的混凝土塑性应变最大值是不考虑接触时的3.76倍;考虑接触的法向冻胀力和切向冻结力更均匀,最大值均减少1.5~3.0倍,应力集中现象减弱,更能反映混凝土衬砌板与渠基土之间的滑移变形与破坏准则的相互作用。研究结果为U型衬砌渠道冻胀破坏规律提供了分析方法。
Abstract
The lining structure of U-shaped canal has favorable integrity and adaptability to frost heave damage; but in winter these canals are still at high risk of frost heave damage. In consideration of the non-linear characteristic of the interface between foundation frost soil and concrete lining as well as the plasticity of frozen soil and concrete lining, we put forward a thermo-mechanical coupling numerical model for U-shaped lining canal, through which the contact mechanical behavior between the foundation and concrete lining such as squeezing, separation and glide can be analyzed. By taking Yuanxiabei main canal in Baojixia irrigation district as prototype canal, we simulated the frost heave damage of the canal in two conditions (considering and not considering the contact between foundation and lining). Results unveil that the simulation results of the model considering the contact are more consistent with the measured values of the prototype, and better explains that the frost heave of U-shaped channel is the smallest at the junction of the channel bottom and the shady slope. The maximum plastic strain of concrete with contact is 3.76 times that without contact. In addition, the normal frost heave force and tangential freeze force considering contact are more uniform, with the maximum values reducing by 1.5~3.0 times. Stress concentration is weakened, which better reflects the interaction between the slip deformation and failure criteria between the concrete lining slab and the canal foundation soil.
关键词
U型渠道 /
冻土工程 /
冻胀破坏 /
数值模拟 /
接触力学行为 /
宝鸡峡灌区塬下北干渠
Key words
U-shaped lining structure /
frozen soil engineering /
frost heave damage /
numerical simulation /
mechanical behavior in contact /
Yuanxiabei canal in Baojixia irrigation district
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 周幼吾,郭东信,邱国庆,等.中国冻土[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[2] 李学军,费良军,任之忠. 大型U型渠道渠基季节性冻融水分运移特性研究[J]. 水利学报,2007,38(11):1383-1387.
[3] 唐少容,王红雨.三板拼接式小型U形混凝土衬砌渠道冻胀破坏力学模型[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(11):159-166.
[4] 王正中,沙际德,蒋允静,等.正交各向异性冻土与建筑物相互作用的非线性有限元分析[J].土木工程学报,1999,32(3):55-60.
[5] 王正中,刘旭东,陈立杰,等.刚性衬砌渠道不同纵缝削减冻胀效果的数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(11):1-7.
[6] 李甲林,王正中.渠道衬砌冻胀破坏力学模型及防冻胀结构[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2013.
[7] 安 鹏,邢义川,张爱军.基于部分保温法的渠道保温板厚度计算与数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(17):54-62.
[8] 郭 瑞,王正中,牛永红,等.基于TCR传热原理的混凝土复合保温衬砌渠道防冻胀效果研究[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(20):101-106.
[9] 李 爽,王正中,高兰兰,等.考虑混凝土衬砌板与冻土接触非线性的渠道冻胀数值模拟[J].水利学报,2014,45(4):497-503.
[10]张 茹,王正中,牟声远,等. 基于横观各向同性冻土的U形渠道冻胀数值模拟[J]. 应用基础与工程科学学报,2010,18(5):773-783.
[11]章根德.土的本构模型及其工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[12]姚直书,代泽兵,孙文若.平面冻土墙围护深基坑的时空效应数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(12):2006-2010.
[13]朱以文,蔡元奇,徐 晗.ABAQUS与岩土工程分析[M].香港:中国图书出版社,2005.
[14]齐吉琳,马 巍.冻土的力学性质及研究现状[J].岩土力学,2010,31(1):133-143.
[15]费 康,张建伟.ABAQUS在岩土工程中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2010.
[16]杨晓东,金敬福.冰的粘附机理与抗冻粘技术进展[J].长春理工大学学报,2002,25(4):17-19.
[17]石泉彬,杨 平,王国良.人工冻结砂土与结构接触面冻结强度试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(10):2142-2151.
[18]王正中.梯形渠道砼衬砌冻胀破坏的力学模型研究[J].农业工程学报,2004,20(3):24-29.
[19]陈肖柏,刘建坤,刘鸿绪,等.土的冻结作用与地基[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2006.
[20]肖 旻,李寿宁,贺兴宏.梯形渠道砼衬砌冻胀破坏力学分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2011,30(1):89-93.
[21]宋 玲,欧阳辉,余书超.混凝土防渗渠道冬季输水运行中冻胀与抗冻胀力验算[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(18):114-120.
[22]陈 涛,王正中,张爱军.大U形渠道冻胀机理试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2006,25(2):8-11.
[23]张 茹.大U形混凝土衬砌渠道冻胀破坏力学模型及数值模拟[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[24]陕西师大地理系《宝鸡市地理志》编写组.陕西省宝鸡市地理志[M].西安:陕西人民出版社,1987.
[25]鲁渊平,杜继稳,侯建忠,等.陕西省风速风向时空变化特征[J].陕西气象,2006(1):1-4.
[26]邓绶林.地学辞典[M].石家庄:河北教育出版社,1992.
[27]刘晓燕,赵 军,石 成,等.土壤恒温层温度及深度研究[J].太阳能学报,2007,28(5):494-498.
[28]王正中,芦 琴,郭利霞,等.基于昼夜温度变化的混凝土衬砌渠道冻胀有限元分析[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(7):1-7.
[29]徐学祖,王家澄,张立新.冻土物理学[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2010 .
[30]LENZT A E, MONFORE G E. Thermal Conductivity of Concrete at Very Low Temperatures[J]. Journal of the PCA Research and Development Laboratories, 1965, 7(2):39-46.
[31]李甲林. 渠道衬砌冻胀破坏力学模型及防冻胀结构研究[D]. 杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[32]李学军,费良军,李改琴.大型U形混凝土衬砌渠道季节性冻融水热耦合模型研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(1):13-17.
[33]李学军.季节性冻融渠基土壤水分运移特性及大型弧线形渠道防渗抗冻胀理论与技术研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2008.
基金
十二五国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD08B01);十三五国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400203)
PDF(1820 KB)
