为研究护坡毛竹根(茎)系的生长、分布及其护坡效果,于2012—2016年对七星关区(原毕节市)何官屯镇北部大渔洞村某处毛竹生态护坡措施进行了为期5 a的调查监测研究。通过实地挖根及动态监测技术方法对研究区毛竹根(茎)系的生长、分布及其护坡效果等进行了调查研究。结果表明:毛竹种植后,毛竹根(茎)系的生物量逐年增加,根状茎的生物量增加速度高于根系的生物量增加速度;毛竹根(茎)系长度在水平方向上逐年增加,但增加幅度逐年递减,在2015—2016年研究区毛竹根(茎)系达到郁闭;研究区毛竹根(茎)系长度在垂直水平方向上逐年增加,但幅度逐年递减;研究区种植当年的护坡效果不明显,之后滑坡体沿坡面向下的平均位移量逐年递减,且在2015—2016年有趋于稳定的趋势。综合分析认为:研究区毛竹护坡随着种植年限增加,根系生长,其护坡能力大大增强,滑坡体在2015—2016年趋于稳定,毛竹护坡达到了预期的护坡效果,能够为今后同类地区滑坡的治理提供参考和借鉴作用。

In the aim of studying the growth and distribution of bamboo root(stem) system and its protection effect on slope, a 5-year investigation on ecological protection by bamboo was carried out in a village at Bijie City from 2012 to 2016. Field digging and dynamic monitoring technique were used in the area for the investigation. Results showed that 1) biomass of bamboo root(stem) system increased year by year after bamboo planting, and biomass increase of rhizomes was faster than that of root system; 2) in horizontal and vertical directions, the length of bamboo root system gradually increased, but the increasing rate alleviated over years, and the root(stem) system reached canopy in 2015-2016; 3) at the beginning, protection effect of bamboo on the slope was not obvious, then the average downward displacement of landslide body along the slope gradually decreased and showed a stable tendency in 2015-2016. In conclusion, the slope protection effect of bamboo greatly improved with the increase of planting age and the growth of root system, for the landslide body tended to be stable in 2015-2016. The results could be taken as reference for landslide treatment in similar areas.