为探究过度开采对地下水水化学特征的影响，通过对比分析研究区1997年和2010年的地下水水位与水质资料，研究了过度开采条件下地下水水位与水化学特征的动态规律及两者之间的联系。研究结果表明:1997年和2010年研究区地下水水位与水化学特征的空间变化规律具有很高的一致性，表现为地下水水位降幅较大的区域对应的镁离子、硫酸盐含量增幅也相对较大，地下水水化学特征受地下水水位变化的影响较大。空间叠加分析结果表明:镁离子、硫酸盐与地下水水位变化较大的区域空间重合率分别为72.2％,53.1％。过度开采通过改变地下水补径排条件及饱和带、非饱和带的水环境变化对地下水水化学特征产生影响,因此对于地下水不可盲目、过度开采。

In order to explore the influence of over-exploitation of groundwater on the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater, we analyzed the dynamic changes of and relationship between groundwater level and water chemistry in the condition of over exploitation by comparing groundwater level and groundwater quality between 1997 and 2010. Results showed that when groundwater level declined, magnesium ion content and sulfate content increased correspondingly, indicating that spatial changes in groundwater level is highly consistent with that in chemical composition, which means that water chemistry is greatly affected by groundwater level. Spatial superposition results suggest that 72.2% of the changes in magnesium ion content coincided with groundwater level decline, and 53.1% of the changes in sulfate contentcoincided with groundwater level decline. Over exploitation affected groundwater chemistry through changing the discharge and recharge conditions as well as the water environment in saturated zone and non-saturated zone.