关键词: 鱼类, 洄游通道, 生境恢复技术, 鱼道, 鱼类种群分布, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract: As China is now in the peak of hydropower development and construction,ecological environment protection has received great attentions. The exploitation and utilization of river resources have obstructed the migration passages of fishes, greatly affecting the environment in which fishes live. It is urgent to develop migration passages and habitat restoration techniques. This paper presents the significance of fish migration passages and habitat restoration, outlines the research status and development process of the techniques, and points out the main problems and challenges of technology development for fish passages in China. By summarizing relevant projects and research results supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China since the 21st Century (especially in the recent 5 years), we present the main research directions of migration passages and habitat restoration techniques in China: 1) living habits and swimming ability of typical fishes; 2) influence of fish population distribution and habitat factors; 3) influence of hydropower development on habitat factors; 4) measures of fish passage and living habitat restoration and the verification of their effects.

Key words: fishes, migration passage, habitat restoration technique, fish passage, distribution of fish species, National Natural Science Foundation of China