国内外许多学者对单个颗粒泥沙沉降公式进行了大量的实验研究和分析,鉴于单个颗粒的沉速与群体沉降可以相差10倍,目前泥沙群体沉降公式大多为经验表达式,因此,深入研究群体颗粒泥沙沉降公式有重要的意义。考虑到在群体泥沙沉降中粗细颗粒粒径大小对泥沙沉降公式的影响,基于摄动理论和最小二乘法,在泥沙群体沉降一般模式的基础上,提出一种新的泥沙群体沉降计算模式。通过对现场实测资料和水槽试验数据进行计算拟合,并与其它经典公式相比较,发现所推导的公式要优于后者。研究结果表明:针对群体泥沙沉降中粗细颗粒粒径大小,考虑其颗粒间的相互影响,按群体泥沙颗粒粒径大小范围分别考虑,是一种群体泥沙沉降计算比较有效的途径。
Abstract
Many scholars in China and abroad have carried out a lot of experimental researches and analysis on the formula of single particle sedimentation. In view of the 10 times difference between single particle sedimentation rate and group settlement, current formulas of sediment settlement are mostly empirical expression. In this paper, based on the perturbation theory and the least square method, a new calculation model for the settlement of sediment group is proposed. The influence of coarse and fine particle sizes are considered. Through calculations and fittings of field measured data and flume experiment data, and compared with other classical formulas, the present model is found to be superior to classical formulas. Results show that taking the sizes of coarse and fine particles into account is an effective way to calculate sediment deposition.
关键词
泥沙群体沉降 /
沉降公式 /
摄动理论 /
最小二乘法 /
粗细颗粒 /
单粒沉速
Key words
sediment group settlement /
formula of sediment settlement /
perturbation theory /
lease square method /
coarse and fine particles /
single particle velocity
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51509026);国家重大水资源高效开发利用专项计划(2016YFC0402104);重庆市基础与前沿研究计划资助项目(cstc2016jcyjA0380);省部共建水利水运工程教育部重点实验室暨国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心开放基金(SLK2016B03);内河航道整治技术交通行业重点实验室开放基金(NHHD-201514)
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