为了掌握泾河水沙变化的基本规律,运用EMD方法对泾河张家山水文站1958—2011年的年径流量及年输沙量序列分别进行了多时间尺度分解,依据实测年输沙量数据,应用时间序列分析方法建立了年输沙量模拟模型。泾河年径流和年输沙量的时间序列均可分解为3个不同波动周期的振荡分量和一个递减的趋势分量;年输沙量模型适用性较好,且模拟精度较高,可应用于年输沙量预测。泾河水沙多时间尺度变化的特征分析和输沙量预测可为泾河水资源规划提供科学依据。

In order to obtain the basic law of water and sediment variation in Jinghe River, we decompose series of annual runoff and sediment discharge into multiple temporal scales by EMD method, with Zhangjiashan station from 1956 to 2011 as an example. Firstly, we establish a simulation model of annual sediment discharge according to measured data and time series analysis. Then, the results show that both of the annual runoff and sediment series can be decomposed into 3 fluctuation components with different periods and a degressive tendency residual component. Furthermore, the model is of good suitability and high accuracy, and it can be used to predict annual sediment discharge. Finally, we can carry out characteristic analysis on multiple temporal scales of runoff and sediment and prediction of annual sediment discharge to provide a scientific basis for water resources planning in Jinghe River.