三峡水库蓄水后,众多涉水型滑坡均有变形迹象,尤其在库水位下降过程中,多数滑坡变形加剧。树坪滑坡属巨型古堆积体滑坡,距三峡大坝坝址约47 km,数年监测结果显示树坪滑坡在库水位下降过程中有强烈变形,若失稳将造成重大损失。为此,现场采集了树坪滑坡近几年监测数据,结合地质调查及勘探资料对其变形机制进行分析,结果表明:树坪滑坡地下水位与库水位涨落保持一致,库水位相对滞后,库水位下降时产生不利于滑坡体稳定性的动水压力,此时GPS数据表现出滑坡发生较强烈的变形,具有典型的动水压力型滑坡特征;自动位移计监测结果表明:树坪滑坡在库水位蓄水至175 m水位后主要发生整体变形,由下部变形牵引上部滑动,具有牵引式滑坡的变形特征。
Abstract
Based on GIS technology and the national planning data about prevention of mountain torrent disaster , the risk of mountain torrent disaster, vulnerability and risk degree of Sichuan province were quantified and analyzed in this paper by using the concept of natural disaster risk .According to the general principles of the regionalization theory and the regionalization classification of national mountain torrent disasters, the risk regionalization of Sichuan province was put forward. Results show that the risk levels of mountain torrent disaster in Sichuan province can be divided into 5 kinds: low risk, low-middle risk, middle risk, middle-high risk, and high risk. The percentage of area of the five risk levels accounting for total area of the province is 59.9%, 12.8%, 14.9%, 5.9% and 6.5%, respectively. In the Sichuan basin and the surrounding regions, risk level of mountain torrent disaster is high, for area with the risk level middle or above takes up nearly 80% of total area of these regions .Furthermore, mountain torrent disaster in mountain regions of Qinling and Dabashan is relatively serious, for the risk level is middle or above in nearly 18% of total area of the mountain regions. Finally, risk levels of mountain torrent disaster in several other regions is not high, most of them are low risk and low-middle risk.
关键词
树坪滑坡 /
滑坡监测 /
动水压力 /
变形机制 /
三峡库区
Key words
mountain torrent disaster /
risk assessment /
risk regionalization /
GIS technology /
vulnerability index
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