基于海藻多糖复合改性基材的红壤边坡模拟降雨试验

  • 许文盛 ,
  • 王家祥 ,
  • 张文杰 ,
  • 李力 ,
  • 张志华 ,
  • 肖海 ,
  • 夏振尧 ,
  • 刘尧松
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  • 1.三峡大学 土木与建筑学院,湖北 宜昌 443002;
    2.长江科学院,武汉 430010;
    3.水利部山洪地质灾害防治工程技术研究中心,武汉 430010
许文盛(1983—),男,安徽金寨人,博士,教授级高级工程师,从事流域泥沙输移、水土保持及生态修复研究。E-mail:51648344@qq.com

修回日期: 2025-03-27

  录用日期: 2025-05-28

  网络出版日期: 2025-07-11

基金资助

国家电网公司总部科技项目(5200-202121087A-0-0-00); 国网福建省电力有限公司科技项目(521304220029)

The Simulated Rainfall Experiment on Red Soil Slopes Based on Algal Polysaccharide Composite Modified Substrates

  • XU Wen-sheng ,
  • WANG Jia-xiang ,
  • ZHANG Wen-jie ,
  • LI Li ,
  • ZHANG Zhi-hua ,
  • XIAO Hai ,
  • XIA Zhen-yao ,
  • LIU Yao-song
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  • 1. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002 China;
    2. Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010 China;
    3. Research Center of Mountain Torrent Geological Disaster Prevention and Control Engineering Technology, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan 430010 China

Revised date: 2025-03-27

  Accepted date: 2025-05-28

  Online published: 2025-07-11

摘要

红壤区生态保护修复对于我国国土生态安全建设具有重要意义,针对喷混植生技术使用水泥作为固化剂导致的环境污染、降解难度大、植物生长受限等问题,本文以南方某输变电工程红壤边坡为对象,以海藻多糖为固化剂替代水泥,加入玉米纤维、保水剂和生态肥料以提高基材生态恢复性能,开展室内模拟降雨试验,分析不同基材对初始产流时间、产流产沙过程和水动力参数的影响,最终选出一组最优基材。结果表明:相较于裸坡,基材的初始产流时间显著缩短;产流率显著增加,排水效益达16.35%~52.73%,产沙率显著降低,保土效益达97%~98%;随着降雨历时的增大,产流率和产沙率均呈现先增加后趋于稳定的趋势,2号基材的产流率高于1号和3号,各基材产沙率之间的差异较小;基材的产流率与产沙率均与径流剪切力显著相关(p<0.05),随着径流剪切力的增加,基材的产流率和产沙率均呈现出一定的线性增大现象;鉴于2号基材在抗侵蚀方面的良好效果,建议选作工程应用基材,其配比为海藻多糖:纤维:肥料:保水剂=1%: 0.8%:3%:0.9%。该研究结果可为类似工程边坡防护提供新的材料与技术支撑,促进绿色工程建设和水土保持高质量发展。

本文引用格式

许文盛 , 王家祥 , 张文杰 , 李力 , 张志华 , 肖海 , 夏振尧 , 刘尧松 . 基于海藻多糖复合改性基材的红壤边坡模拟降雨试验[J]. 长江科学院院报, 0 : 20250257 -20250257 . DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20250257

Abstract

The ecological protection and restoration of red soil areas hold significant importance for the construction of ecological security in our country's territory. Addressing the environmental pollution, degradation difficulties, and limitations on plant growth caused by the use of cement as a binder in spraying vegetation techniques, this study focuses on the red soil slopes of a certain power transmission and transformation project in southern China. It replaces cement with algal polysaccharides as the binder and adds corn fibers, water-retaining agents, and ecological fertilizers to enhance the ecological restoration performance of the substrate. Indoor simulated rainfall experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of different substrates on initial runoff time, runoff and sediment yield processes, and hydrodynamic parameters, ultimately identifying the optimal substrate. The results indicate that compared to bare slopes, the initial runoff time of the substrate was significantly shortened; the runoff rate increased markedly, with an enhancement effect ranging from 16.35% to 52.73%, while the sediment yield rate significantly decreased, achieving a reduction effect of 97% to 98%. As the rainfall duration increased, both the runoff rate and sediment yield rate exhibited a trend of initially increasing and then stabilizing. The runoff rate of substrate No. 2 was higher than that of substrates No. 1 and No. 3, with minimal differences in sediment yield rates among the substrates. Both the runoff rate and sediment yield rate were significantly correlated with runoff shear stress (p < 0.05); as the runoff shear stress increased, both rates exhibited a certain linear increase. Given the good erosion resistance of substrate No. 2, it is recommended for engineering applications, with a ratio of algal polysaccharides: fiber: fertilizer: water-retaining agent = 1%: 0.8%: 3%: 0.9%. The findings of this study provide new material and technical support for slope protection in similar projects, promoting the development of green engineering and high-quality soil and water conservation.

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