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DOI: https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20231329

渠首引水隧洞洞内消能试验研究

  • 钟坤 , 1, 2, 3 ,
  • 闫福根 1, 2, 3 ,
  • 郭建华 1, 2, 3 ,
  • 易顺 4 ,
  • 李民康 4
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  • 1.长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司，武汉 430010
  • 2.长江设计集团有限公司，武汉 430010
  • 3.国家大坝安全工程技术研究中心，湖北 武汉 430010
  • 4.长江科学院 水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室，武汉 430010

钟 坤（1994—），男，湖南常德人，工程师，博士，主要从事水库设计及大坝基础灌浆研究。E-mail:

收稿日期: 2024-03-27

  修回日期: 2025-03-22

  网络出版日期: 2025-06-13

基金资助

中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2023M740368)

国家自然科学基金面上项目(5207090954)

收起

Experimental Investigation of Energy Dissipation in Diversion Tunnel at the Head of Canal

  • ZHONG Kun , 1, 2, 3 ,
  • YAN Fu-gen 1, 2, 3 ,
  • GUO Jian-hua 1, 2, 3 ,
  • YI Shun 4 ,
  • LI Min-kang 4
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  • 1. Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430010, China
  • 2. CISPDR Corporation, Wuhan 430010, China
  • 3. National Dam Safety Research Center，Wuhan 430010，Hubei Province，China
  • 4. Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China

Received date: 2024-03-27

  Revised date: 2025-03-22

  Online published: 2025-06-13

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摘要

洞内消能与隧洞结合方便，能优化布置、降低造价，在引调水工程中应用越来越广泛。然而洞内消能过程水流流态复杂，理论性计算无法满足设计要求。以某灌区渠首引水隧洞洞内消能为研究对象，通过大比尺水工模型试验，验证渠首引水隧洞洞内消能设计参数的合理性；并通过模型优化，提出适用于洞内消能的“消力池+消波梁”组合消能布置型式，解决洞内波浪高、洞顶余幅不足、空蚀空化等问题。研究结果表明：①无压洞内最大波浪高度减小67%，洞顶余幅可满足安全输水条件；②工作闸门后底板堰面曲线段和边墙扩散段局部最小水流空化数约0.37，堰面出现空蚀空化的可能性较低；③消力池底板沿程测点水流脉动压力均方根均未超过1.0×9.81kPa，满足结构设计要求。与传统下沉式消能工相比，本文提出的“消力池+消波梁”组合消能型式消能效率显著提高，具有更好的消能特性，水工模型试验验证了优化方案的可行性。消能方案对于解决类似工程洞内波浪大、难以满足洞顶安全余幅的问题效果显著，消波梁作为洞内消能工，对隧洞过流能力几乎不构成影响，具有一定的普适性。研究成果可为大型灌区渠首消能设计提供参考和借鉴。

关键词： 引水工程; 消能型式; 隧洞; 消波梁; 模型试验

本文引用格式

钟坤 , 闫福根 , 郭建华 , 易顺 , 李民康 . 渠首引水隧洞洞内消能试验研究[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2025 , 0(0) . DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20231329

Abstract

The Niululing Irrigation Area is a 150 major water conservancy project of the State Council. The energy dissipation problem inside the diversion tunnel at the head of the canal is a difficult engineering problem. Based on hydraulic model experiments, this article reveals the problem of high wave height and insufficient residual amplitude at the top of the free-flow tunnel in the original energy dissipation scheme. A combined energy dissipation type of "stilling basin and wave-absorbing beam" suitable for energy dissipation inside the tunnel is proposed. The following results can be obtained: (1) The maximum peak height inside the free-flow tunnel has been reduced by 67%, and the water surface line space in tunnel meets the conditions for safe water transportation; (2) The minimum water flow cavitation number after the working gate is about 0.37, which will not cause cavitation problems; (3) The root mean square of the fluctuating water flow pressure along the bottom plate of the stilling pool does not exceed 1.0 × 9.81kPa, small vibration amplitude meets structural design requirements. The combination energy dissipation form of "stilling basin and wave-absorbing beam" proposed in this article can provide reference and inspiration for the energy dissipation design of the large-scale irrigation area canal heads under construction.

Key words： water diversion project; type of energy-dissipation; tunnel; wave-absorbing beam; model test

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