台阶式溢洪道滑掠流时均压强影响因素分析

杨吉健; 刘韩生; 张为法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.08.010

长江科学院院报 >

2015 , Vol. 32 >Issue 8: 57 - 60

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.08.010

水力学

台阶式溢洪道滑掠流时均压强影响因素分析

杨吉健 ,
刘韩生 ,
张为法

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1.西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌 712100;
2.中国电建西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,西安 710065

杨吉健(1989-),男,河南开封人,硕士研究生,主要从事泄水建筑物与高速水流方面的研究,(电话)15109276214(电子信箱)xinongyangjijian@163.com。

收稿日期: 2014-03-03

网络出版日期: 2015-08-18

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Factors Affecting Time-averaged Pressure ofSkimming Flow in Stepped Spillways

YANG Ji-jian ,
LIU Han-sheng ,
ZHANG Wei-fa

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1.College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;
2. Power China Xibei Engineering Corporation Limited, Xi’an 710065, China

Received date: 2014-03-03

Online published: 2015-08-18

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摘要

由于台阶式溢洪道结构特殊,流态复杂,对台阶式溢洪道压强并未取得一致性的研究成果。对多个台阶式溢洪道滑掠流时均压强资料进行分析,探讨来流流量、掺气、台阶尺寸、溢洪道坡度等对台阶式溢洪道时均压强的影响。分析结果表明单宽流量大,时均压强变大;掺气可有效降低正压时均压力并增加负压值;台阶尺寸对台阶式溢洪道的影响较为复杂,台阶尺寸较小,且坡度较缓时竖直面压强呈中间小、两头大分布,坡度较大时具有2个压力极小值,位于竖直面底部和顶部,台阶尺寸较大时竖直面压强自下而上呈减小趋势;坡度增加,台阶式溢洪道压强变化幅度增大。

关键词： 台阶式溢洪道; 空蚀破坏; 滑掠流; 时均压强; 单宽流量; 掺气

本文引用格式

杨吉健 , 刘韩生 , 张为法 . 台阶式溢洪道滑掠流时均压强影响因素分析[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2015 , 32(8) : 57 -60 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.08.010

Abstract

As stepped spillway has special structure and complex flow patterns, researches on the pressure in stepped spillway are not consistent. In view of this, we investigate into the effects of flow discharge, air entrainment, step size and spillway’s slope gradient on the distribution of time-averaged pressure through analysing the pressure data of skimming flow in several stepped spillways. Results reveal that big discharge per unit width leads to big time-averaged pressure. Air entrainment could effectively reduce positive time-averaged pressure and increase negative pressure. Effect of the step size is complicated: when the step size is small with gentle slope, pressure is small in the middle but large on both ends in vertical plane of the step; when step size is small with steep slope, minimum pressure occurs on the bottom and top of step in vertical plane; while when the step size is large, pressure decreases from the bottom to the top, and pressure variation intensifies with the increase of slope gradient.

Key words： stepped spillway; cavitation damage; skimming flow; time-averaged pressure; discharge per unit width; aeration

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